水稻旱育稀植高产栽培的生理生态研究Ⅰ.早稻肥床旱育秧苗素质及其生态生理特性  

Physioecological study on highyielding cultivation of rice by dryraising seedling and thinspacing transplanting techniques Ⅰ. Quality and ecophysiological characteristics of rice seedlings grown on dryfertile nursery.

作　　者：林文雄[1] 王松良[1] 梁义元[1] 郭玉春[1] 何水林[1] 洪来水[2] 郑履端[2] 翁定河[2] 潘增铣 

机构地区：[1]福建农业大学,福州350002 [2]福建省农业厅,福州350001

出　　处：《应用生态学报》1997年第6期566-570,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：农业部丰收计划项目!( 96-1 1 );福建省教委基金资助项目!(K960 0 2 7)

摘　　要：本研究表明 ,旱育秧床中土壤好气微生物总量高于对照 ,其中好气性固氮菌、纤维分解菌、氨化细菌、有机磷分解菌、亚硝酸细菌增加了 1 .40、2 0 .67、8.0 4、74.0 0、0 .69倍 ,除脱氢酶外土壤蛋白酶、纤维素酶、磷酸酶、尿酶和蔗糖转化酶活性比对照增加77.5%、51 .1 5%、47.1 2 %、43.59%、6.88% ,这有利于土壤物能转化 ,提高土壤养分的有效性 ,使旱育秧床土壤硝态氮、速效N、P、K比对照增加 2 7.9、2 .0 8、0 .97、0 .7倍 .同时还表明 ,旱育秧白根率高 ,根系氧化能力强 ,低节位分蘖多 ,并表现出强大的生理生化优势 ,淀粉酶、硝酸还原酶、ATP酶以及过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、超氧物歧化酶等保护酶含量增加 ,而丙二醛含量和膜透性比对照降低了 7.1 2 %和 43.42 % .The study shows that in comparison with wetraising nursery,dryraising nursery had a greater size of soil aerobic azotobacter,cellulose decomposer,ammonifier,organic phosphorus decomposer and nitrite bacteria and a higher activity of soil protease,cellulase,phosphatase,urease and invertase,which is favorable to the conversion of soil matter and energy and the promotion of soil nutrient availability. It also shows that on dryraising nursery,rice seedlings had a more develped root system with a stronger ability of oxidation,and the roots exhibited a higher activity of amylase,nitrate reductase,ATPase and cell protective enzymes such as peroxidase,catalase and superoxide dismutase.

关 键 词：水稻 旱育秧 土壤微生物 生理生态 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]