西伯利亚克拉通寒武纪沉积史:碳酸盐台地和盆地的演化  

CAMBRIAN DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY OF THE SIBERIAN CRATON:EVOLUTION OF THE CARBONATE PLATFORMS AND BASINS

作　　者：SergeiS.Sukhov 

机构地区：[1]俄罗斯西伯利亚地质,地球物理和矿产调查研究所

出　　处：《岩相古地理》1997年第5期27-39,共13页

摘　　要：西伯利亚克拉通或古西伯利亚台地，其面积４００００００ｋｍ２以上，是亚洲北部最主要的大陆地块之一。它以寒武系分布区域极为广泛、层序非常完整为特色。寒武系构成了遍及全区的下沉积盖层和出露在大的正向构造内。寒武纪时，研究区是重要的碳酸盐沉积区，有碳酸盐－硅质碎屑的混合沉积、蒸发盐、礁和深水盆地的碳酸盐沉积。半个多世纪来，区内进行了各种大型的旨在找烃的地质调查及有关的寒武系层理、古地理和古构造的重建，以及沉积环境的重塑。但关于沉积物内部构造的研究工作一直主要是根据传统地层学的“连续地层柱”概念。有些工作者认为，古深度和地貌史或排列的各式各样的恢复不强调瞬时。只有最近１０—１５年，地下调查配合成因地层学和盆地分析概念的发展，使得有可能将生物群演化、沉积体边界的形状和类型以及它们的成因和对各种因素（诸如以上所述各种及相对海平面变化之类）的影响综合为统一的系统。这种区域继承观点的研究方法在６０年代后期由Ｇｒａｃｈｅｖｓｋｙ（１９６９）提出，然后由Ｓａｖｉｓｔｋｙ（１９７９）和Ａｓｔａｓｈｋｉｕ（１９８４）详尽阐述。The Siberian craton or the ancient Siberian Platform covering more than 4 million sq km is one of the major continental blocks in Northern Asia.It is marked by the extremely wide areal extent and the complete Cambrian sequence.The Cambrian appears to compose ubiquitously the lower sedimentary cover and be exposed within large positive structures.(Fig.1).In Cambrian this region was an area of dominant carbonate deposition ranging from mixed carbonate siliciclastic and evaporitic to reefal and deep basin ones.Various lage scale geological investigations aimed,first of all,at searching for hydrocarbons and related to the Cambrian stratification,paleogeographic and paleotectonic reconstructions,as well as restoration of depositional environments have been persued in the area for more than half a century.Nevertheless,they are still based mainly on conventional stratigraphic “layer cake” conceptions about the internal structure of deposits. The workers suggested essentially different reconstructions of paleobathymetry and morphological history or placed no emphasis on these moments(Savitsky et al.,1972,1979;Pisarchik et al.,1975;Kirkinskaya and Trunov,1975;Kokoulin and Rudavskaya,1985;Repina and Rozanov,1992;Kontorovich,1994,1995,and others).Only in recent 10_15 years expansion of subsurface investigations coupled with dissemination of genetic stratigraphy and basin analysis conceptions has alowed a possibility to combine into a unified system biota evolution,geometry and patterns of the sedimentary body boundaries and their genesis and effects on various factors,such as,above all,relative sea level fluctuations.Such approach to the study of the region inherits ideas advanced by Grachevsky(1969) in late 1960s and then elaborated by Savitsky(1979) and Astashkin(1984).Its purpose is to reconstruct dynamics in the development and infilling of the Siberian craton basins.

关 键 词：寒武纪 沉积史 碳酸盐 台地 盆地 演化 

分 类 号：P512.2[天文地球—地质学] P544.1