慢性砷中毒对大鼠海马CA3超微结构的影响  

Effect of Chronic Arsenism on Ultra-structure of Rats' Hippocampus CA3

作　　者：李玉飞[1] 康朝胜[2] 藏贵勇[2] 李远慧[3] 

机构地区：[1]长沙医学院解剖学教研室,湖南长沙410219 [2]贵阳医学院解剖学教研室,贵州贵阳510007 [3]贵阳医学院组织胚胎学教研室,贵州贵阳510007

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2008年第6期517-519,F0003,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：贵州省科技攻关项目(黔科合S字1059号)

摘　　要：目的研究慢性砷中毒对大鼠海马CA3超微结构的影响,为地方性砷中毒发病机制的研究提供实验依据。方法将清洁级3～4月龄SD大鼠50只,体重150～180g,随机分为正常对照组和砷中毒组,每组25只,雌雄各半。将As2O3用蒸馏水配制成浓度为100mg/L的溶液供砷中毒组大鼠自由饮用。正常对照组大鼠自由饮用蒸馏水。两组均用普通饲料喂养。连续喂养4个月后取大脑海马组织分别进行Nissl染色和电镜观察。结果光镜下,正常对照组海马CA3区锥体细胞密集规律,胞体呈锥体形,界线清晰,胞浆内尼氏体丰富;砷中毒组海马CA3区锥体细胞稀疏,排列欠规律,胞体形态不规则,胞浆内尼氏体减少或消失,着色浅淡。砷中毒组海马CA3区锥体细胞[(40.28±4.85)个/视野]比正常对照组[(58.30±7.63)个/视野]明显减少(各组均统计20个视野),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。电镜下,正常对照组的神经元形态规则,胞膜清晰,细胞器丰富,结构完整;神经胶质细胞核膜界线清晰,核内染色质均匀;突触结构清晰,突触前成分中可见较多的圆形突触小泡。砷中毒组神经元胞体轻度水肿,胞膜边界不清晰,核膜皱褶增多,核染色质浓缩、聚集于核膜附近,胞浆密度降低,细胞器减少,线粒体肿胀,部分透明成空泡;神经胶质细胞水肿;突触结构模糊,分界不清,突触小泡数量减少。结论慢性砷中毒对成年大鼠海马神经元、神经胶质细胞及突触具有损伤作用。Objective To study effect of chronic arsenism on ultra-structure of rats’ hippocampus CA3. Methods 50 SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups（25 rats in each group）：the control group and the arsenic poisoning group. The control group drank distilled water. The arsenic poisoning group drank distilled water containing 100 mg/L AS2O3. Both groups were fed on common feed. All rats were killed after 4 months and the hippocampus tissue was observed by optic and electron microscope. Results By optic microscope,the pyramidal cells at the hippocampus CA3 region of the control group were dense and orderly. The cells bodies were pyramidal and clear,cytoplasm were abundant with Nissl bodies. While the pyramidal cells of the arsenic poisoning group were fewer and scattered unorderly and the pyramidal cell form was irregular. Nissl bodies in cytopalsm were fewer or missing.The arsenic poisoning group＇s cells were fewer than the control group’s （P〈0.01）. The control group had （58.30±7.63） cells per field,another group had （40.28±4.85） cells per field,20 fields were counted in each group. By electron microscope,the membrane of hippocampal neurons,which were rich in organelles and had complete structure,were clear. The nuclear envelope of glial cells were clear,the chromosomes of which were well-distributed. The synaptic were clear,many synapse vesicles can be seen in presynaptic element. While in the arsenic poisoning group,the membrane of hippocampal neurons were unclear and the organelles decreased. Mitochondrion swelled and vacuolation was observed. The glial cells swelled. The structure of synaptics were obscure and the edge is unclear. The number of synaptophysin decreased. Conclusion The chronic arsenism has damage effects on hippocampal neurons,glial cells and synaptic.

关 键 词：砷中毒 海马 超微结构 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]