社区人群综合干预对预防和控制高血压效果评价  

The Effects of Community Intervention Measures on Prevention and Control of Hypertension

作　　者：江滨[1] 王文志[1] 吴升平[1] 杜晓立[1] 鲍秋菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学北京市神经外科研究所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2008年第3期254-257,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关计划资助项目(96-906-02-20)

摘　　要：目的评价社区人群综合干预对预防和控制高血压的效果。方法按照类实验设计,于1996年在北京市选取干预、对照社区各5万人群,对干预社区开展为期3.5 a的高血压一、二级预防,期间对确诊高血压患者进行随访管理,并分别于1997年和2000年先后对干预、对照社区各整群随机抽取800人左右进行基线和干预后血压水平及相关知识、态度、行为(KAB)调查。结果干预社区的2 478名确诊高血压患者的随访管理过程中,1998、1999和2000年确诊高血压患者管理率分别为64.15%,73.82%和82.56%,血压控制率分别为54.28%,62.04%和62.42%,管理率和血压控制率逐年提高。经过干预活动后,与对照社区比较,干预社区人群KAB水平及人群关心保健知识、受知识影响和规律性锻炼率变化更明显(P<0.05)。干预社区高血压人群收缩压、舒张压水平降低幅度和高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率提高程度均大于对照社区,但差别无统计学意义。结论社区综合干预措施能有效地规范人群的健康相关行为,对控制人群高血压具有重要意义。Objective To look into the effects of community intervention measures on blood pressure and hypertension control of the population.Methods Two geographic separated urban communities with the population about 50 000 each were selected as either intervention or control communities in Beijing in 1996.In the intervention community,the primary and secondary prevention on high blood pressure were carried out.And the morbidity and mortality of stroke in both intervention and control populations were monitored.A baseline survey and evaluation re-survey were respectively conducted in 1997 and 2000 covering both intervention and control communities with a cluster random sample of about 800 persons each.Results In the baseline survey,there were no difference between intervention and control communities in six of seven variables including systolic blood pressure（SBP）,diastolic blood pressure（DBP）,prevalence of hypertension,rate of awareness,therapy,control with SBP 140 and DBP〈90 mm Hg,SBP 160 and DBP〈95 mm Hg,only prevalence of hypertension was higher in control than in intervention community.After intervention,there were significantly differences in DBP,prevalence of hypertension,and they were higher in control than in intervention communities.And more amplitudes of decreasing in SBP and DBP,and depths of increasing in the rates of awareness,therapy,control with SBP 160 and DBP〈95 mm Hg were larger in intervention than in control communities,but no statistically difference.During the period of year 1996 to 2000,the morbidity of stroke in intervention population decreased by 13.19% annually.The 5-year average morbidity of stroke in intervention population was 182.15/100 000,which was statistically less than 220.76/100 000 in control.There was no difference in the 5-year average mortality of stroke between intervention and control populations.Conclusion It is concluded that community intervention measures can effectively control blood pressure and hypertension of the population.It is great important to prevent

关 键 词：高血压 社区 干预 控制 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]