冲积河流平滩流量的滞后响应模型  

Delayed response model for bankfull discharge of alluvial rivers

作　　者：吴保生[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《水利学报》2008年第6期680-687,共8页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB06B04);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金项目(50221903)

摘　　要：基于冲积河流自动调整的基本原理，根据河床在受到外界扰动后调整速率与其当前状态与平衡状态之间的差值成正比的基本规律，提出了冲积河流平滩流量的滞后响应模型，阐明了前期水沙条件对平滩流量滞后影响的物理本质。采用黄河下游5个主要测站1960～2003年实测平滩流量资料对滞后响应模型进行了检验，结果表明所建模型能够反映平滩流量的滞后响应过程，而且在水沙条件发生变化时，该河段通过冲淤调整达到新的平衡状态的时间约为5年。Due to the self-regulation mechanism of geomorphic system, the rate of adjustment in response to a disruption is proportional to the difference between the current state and the equilibrium state. Based on this principle, a delayed response model for bankfull discharge calculation is developed. Tile cause of previous year＇s flow and＇sediment conditions affecting the current year＇s bankfull discharge is explained. Calculation test using observation data obtained from 5 hydrological stations located at the lower reaches of Yellow River from 1960 to 2003 shows that the proposed method can predict the variation of bankfull discharge in response to the change of incoming discharge and sediment load. It also shows that it may take five years for the system to adjust to its new equilibrium state through erosion and sedimentation.

关 键 词：黄河下游 河床演变 平滩流量 滞后响应 自动调整 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]