冬小麦不同生育期土壤微生物及养分动态变化  

Dynamic Change of Soil Microorganisms and Soil Nutrition at Different Growing Stage of Winter Wheat

作　　者：周陈[1] 李许滨[1] 杨明开 徐德彬 吴建伟[3] 魏成熙[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学,贵阳550025 [2]贵州琨恩生物工程有限公司,贵阳550058 [3]贵阳医学院,贵阳550004

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2008年第3期113-116,128,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技型中小企业技术创新基金(黔科合计字[2007]5017号)

摘　　要：2006年10月至2007年5月采用不施肥、常规施肥和施用不同量生物有机肥3种处理进行田间试验,并在冬小麦的不同生育期测定土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌3种微生物的数量以及速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质4种养分的含量,研究冬小麦不同生育时期土壤中微生物及土壤养分的动态变化规律。结果表明,在冬小麦的不同生育时期,各处理土壤中微生物数量均呈现先上升再下降的变化趋势,在灌浆期达到顶峰;土壤中速效氮含量的变化呈现先下降后上升的趋势,在灌浆期达到最低值;速效磷含量呈现先上升再下降的变化趋势,在灌浆期达到顶峰;速效钾含量的变化趋势不太明显,特别是施用生物有机肥的6个处理,在冬小麦的不同生育期,速效钾含量基本保持不变;土壤中有机质的含量呈现先下降后上升的趋势,在拔节期达到最低值。同时,从研究结果中还发现,施用生物有机肥,可以显著提高土壤中微生物的数量以及各种养分的含量。In this article,three different treatment,non-applied fertilizer,conventional fertilizer and biological-organic fertilizer were used for field experiment during the October of 2006 to the May of 2007,the dynamic change of soil microorganisms and soil nutrition were studied by determining the number of soil microorganisms and the content of soil nutrient at different growing stage of winter wheat.The result showed that the number of soil microorganisms initially increased and then decreased in roots,with a peak at filling stage,the content of alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen showed a changing trend from dropping at first to rising afterwards,the content decreased to minimum at filling stage,the content of available phosphorus initially increased and then decreased in roots,with a peak at filling stage,the change of available potassium were not significant,especially the treatment of applying biological-organic fertilizer,the content of organic matter initially increased and then decreased in roots,with a peak at jointing stage.And,the experiment also showed,employing organic fertilizer can significantly improve the numbers of soil microorganism and the contents of soil nutrient.

关 键 词：冬小麦 生育期 土壤微生物 土壤养分 动态变化 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]