杭州市区两所小学学龄儿童血铅水平与生长发育、学习能力相关性调查  

Relationship between lead exposure and child growth status or learning ability

作　　者：张宜明[1] 尹建新[2] 滕卫林[1] 杨忠乔[1] 虞爱旭[1] 刘伟艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310006 [2]杭州市江干区疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2008年第3期262-264,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：杭州市医药卫生科技项目(2004BZ078)

摘　　要：【目的】了解当前杭州市区学龄儿童的铅暴露状况,分析当前低水平铅暴露情况下学龄儿童生长发育以及学习能力是否受到影响。【方法】采用石墨炉原子吸收法检测儿童血铅水平,测量儿童身高、体重、胸围等指标,通过教师评分与学校考试成绩相结合的方法评估儿童学习能力。【结果】297例儿童血铅水平中位数为52.1μg/L,血铅中毒仅6例占2%,其中男童血铅水平显著高于女童。各年级儿童生长发育状况良好,在控制了部分混杂因素后未发现当前儿童血铅水平与生长发育有关指标呈负相关,但本次调查表明接受调查的学龄早期儿童血铅水平与其学习能力呈负相关,以儿童阅读理解能力受到的影响最为显著。【结论】当前杭州市儿童铅负荷较前明显下降,在当前低水平铅暴露下,铅对学龄早期儿童学习能力的影响仍要引起高度重视。[Objective] To investigate the blood lead level of school-age students in Hangzhou＇s downtown and explore the relationship between lead exposure and children growth status or learning ability. [Methods] The whole blood lead concentration of children was analyzed using graphite furnace,meanwhile,the body height,weight of children and chest circumference were investigated,and the learning ability by teacher＇s grade and semester test scores were estimated. [Results] The mean blood Pb level of 297 children was 52.1 μg/L,there was a certain difference of blood Pb level between male and female children.After controlling some confounding factors,there was no correlation between growth and lead level under current exposure,but there was still a certain relationship between level of lead exposure and children＇ learning ability,particularly,lead exposure had significant effect upon children＇ reading understanding ability. [Conclusion] There is distinctive declining of the current lead level of school-age children,the negative effect of lead exposure upon children＇s learning ability should be paid more attention.

关 键 词：学龄儿童 血铅水平 生长发育 学习能力 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]