诱发小麦花药愈伤组织及其再生植株抗盐性变异的研究  

A Study of Salt-resistant Variations Induced in AntherCalli and Regenerated Plants in Wheat

作　　者：沈银柱[1] 刘植义[1] 何聪芬[1] 黄占景[1] 孟庆昌[1] 柏峰[1] 马闻师[1] 赵松山[2] 陆莉[2] 张焕英[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学生物系 [2]河北省沧州市农林科学院

出　　处：《遗传》1997年第6期7-11,共5页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：河北省科委资助

摘　　要：不同基因型小麦花药愈伤组织对化学诱变剂的敏感性不同。选用对诱变剂敏感的类型，经ＥＭＳ＿（甲基磺酸乙酯）诱变可以产生耐盐变异。实验获得的耐盐变异株，离开盐胁迫３代后，经盐池鉴定后代中有５２．９％的品系达到一级耐盐，表现了一定的遗传稳定性。耐盐品系的结实率也逐渐得到恢复，达到９２．４％。利用其高代材料进行耐盐性的遗传分析结果表明，小麦的耐盐性不仅受核基因的控制，也受细胞质因子的影响。经酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析，发现耐盐突变体特有的Ｒｆ值为０．１９的醇溶蛋白能稳定遗传。The study discovered that the sensibilities of anther calli in different wheat genetypes to chemical mutagenic agent were different. The mutation-sensitive type might generate salt-tolerant variation after mutagenizing with EMS. The fourth generation of salt-tolerant plants which were planted for three generations in usual soil expressed tolerance stability after planting in the salt pond of a 0.45% salt concentration, 52.9% of the lines in the offspring belonged to first grade of salt-tolerance, showing that the salt-tolerant variant had a certain stability. The fertility of salt-tolerant lines was gradually recovered and reached 92.4%. The high generation materials were used for genetic analysis of the salt-tolerance. The results indicated that the wheat salt-tolerant trait is not only controlled by nuclear gene, but also effected by cytoplasmic factor. In addition, A-PAGE (Acid-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) discovered that the salt-resistant mutant had a unique gliadin band with a Rf value of 0.19, and that this unique band was stably inherited.

关 键 词：小麦 花药 愈伤组织 植株再生 抗盐性变异 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学]