油用向日葵主要农艺性状的遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters in Oil Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

作　　者：王萍[1] 季静[1] 陈忠亮 臧家玉 吴颖[1] 王罡[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军农牧大学农学农机系

出　　处：《遗传》1997年第6期15-17,共3页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：吉林省科委资助

摘　　要：对１０个油用向日葵品种的主要农艺性状进行遗传分析的结果表明，株高、单株粒数、百粒重、盘径和单株粒重等农艺性状具有较大的遗传率，可以在早代单株选择或直接选择；出苗－现蕾、现蕾－开花、开花－成熟、皮壳率等性状的遗传率较低，应根据各性状间相关关系进行间接选择或将选择推迟到晚期世代进行。遗传变异幅度较大的性状有皮壳率、单株粒数、小区产量、单株粒重等。由于性状的遗传改良效果主要由该性状的遗传率和变异幅度及选择强度所决定，因此，在选择率确定为５％情况下，遗传改良效果较好的性状为单株粒数和单株粒重。The genetic analysis of main agronomic characters was conducted with 10 varieties of oil sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The results showed that direct selection can be carried out at early generation for characters with higher heritability such as plant hieght, grain number per plant, 100-grain weight, diameter of disc and grain weight per plant. For maturity and percentage of shell with lower heritability, indirect selection correlated with other characters or late generation selection can be utilized. The characters showing wide genetic variation were those as percentage of shell, grain number per plant, grain yield per plot and grain weight. Since the successful improvement of a character mainly depends on its heritability, variation of heritability and intensity of selection, we suggest that the characters which may give better genetic improvement are grain number and grain weight per plant under condition of 5% selection pressure.

关 键 词：向日葵 遗传率 油料作物 农艺性状 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S565.503.2[农业科学—作物学]