绝经后卵巢和子宫萎缩及血雌二醇降低的观察  

The Shrinkage of Ovarian and Uterine Size and the Decline of Serum Estradiol Level in Postmenopausal Women

作　　者：林守清[1,2] 林萍[1,2] 姜玉新[1,2] 魏杨[1,2] 张颖[1,2] 何方方[1,2] 陈凤领[1,2] 边旭明[1,2] 谷春霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学北京协和医院妇产科 [2]北京铁路总医院

出　　处：《中华妇产科杂志》1997年第9期524-527,共4页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的：观察正常绝经后妇女卵巢、子宫大小的萎缩与血雌二醇（Ｅ２）水平的下降。方法：经阴道超声观察９２例围绝经期、２９２例自然绝经１年以上与４１例月经正常对照妇女的卵巢和子宫，分析闭经时间与观察指标的关系。结果：与正常月经中卵泡期比较，在围绝经早期（停经≤０．２年）和绝经后，卵巢面积平均分别缩小３０％和５６％；Ｅ２分别增高１１％和下降６７％；子宫面积分别增大３８％和缩小２１％；子宫内膜分别萎缩２％和４８％。绝经１年后，Ｅ２无明显继续下降；绝经３～５年后，卵巢与子宫无明显继续缩小。结论：卵巢萎缩先于Ｅ２下降，但产生Ｅ２能力衰退的速度快于卵巢的缩小。对Ｅ２的依赖，子宫内膜大于宫体。Objective: To investigate the shrinkage of ovarian and uterine size, and the decline of serum estradiol (E 2) level in normal women. Methods: Ovarian and uterine area of 92 perimenopausal and 292 postmenopausal women, measured by transvaginal ultrasonography, were analysed retrospectively and were compared with those of the controls consisting of 41 normal women in midfollicular phase, so did the serum E 2 levels. Results: As compared with the control group, ovarian area and endometrium thickness shrunk on an average of 30%, 2% and 56%, 48% in early perimenopausal and postmenopausal groups respectively. Serum E 2 level and uterine area increased by 11% and 38% in early perimenopausal group, but decreased by 67% and 21% in postmenopausal groups respectively. No obviously further decline of serum E 2 level was found 1 year after menopause, and of ovarian, uterine area 3～5 years after menopause. Conclusion: These data represent a normal profile of ovarian and uterine shrinkage and decline of serum E 2 levels related to the time of menopause.

关 键 词：绝经后 卵巢 子宫 雌二醇 萎缩 超声波检查 

分 类 号：R588.04[医药卫生—内分泌]