光照与东海近海中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)赤潮发生季节的关系  

Role of Irradiance on the Seasonality of Skeletonema costatum Cleve Blooms in the Coastal Area in East China Sea

作　　者：孙百晔[1] 梁生康[1] 王长友[1] 王晓波[2] 王修林[1] 李雁宾[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室 [2]国家海洋局宁波海洋环境监测中心站,宁波315040

出　　处：《环境科学》2008年第7期1849-1854,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2001CB409703);青岛市科技发展项目(06-2-2-7-nsh);国际科技合作重点项目(2004DFA03600)

摘　　要：利用船基现场培养实验和模型计算的方法,研究了光照与东海近海春夏季均能发生中肋骨条藻赤潮的关系.结果表明,中肋骨条藻生长的最适光照强度(Iopt)随水温(t)的增加呈'慢升快降'的不对称'倒V'形变化特征,在25℃左右Iopt最大,为121.6 W.m-2,Iopt-t曲线符合Blanchard方程;由东海海表水温计算的中肋骨条藻Iopt的季节变化特征与东海海面光照强度、海水透明度的季节变化基本同步(R2=0.907±0.115,p<0.001),且滞后于海面光照强度2个月左右,这使春夏季海水中光照最适宜生长的水层均为全年最厚(6 m左右).可见,中肋骨条藻对光照的适应性很强,海区海水光照的适宜性是春夏季均能形成大规模中肋骨条藻赤潮的重要原因之一.With field culture experiments and model calculations, the role of light on why in both spring and summer Skeletonema costatum Cleve blooms can occur in the coastal area in East China Sea were studied. The results show that the growth optimal light intensity （ Iopt ） of S. costatum increases gradually to a maximum of 121.6 W·m^-1 with temperature （t） up to 25℃, and a rapid decline in lop, accompanies further increases in t beyond 25℃ . Such an asymmetric inverse V-shape Iopt curve can be well described by Blanchard＇s equation. By this equation, Iopt of each month was calculated based on monthly sea surface temperature, and though changes about 2 months later than light intensity above sea surface（10 ）, Iopt is closely correlated with seasonal 10 and transparency of sea water（ R^2 = 0.907 ± 0. 115, p 〈 0.001 ）, which indicates that S. costatum adapts to the seasonality of light in sea water in the coastal area by varying Iopt seasonally. Such an adaptive strategy leads to thick （about 6 m） light-optimal water layers for growth from early spring to late summer. The high adaptability to light and light optimum characteristics in sea water is one of the important reasons for S. costatum blooms in the both seasons in the coastal area in ECS.

关 键 词：中肋骨条藻 赤潮 季节变化 光照 东海 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]