四硝基并哌嗪的催化热分解及机理研究  

Investigation on Catalytic Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Mechanism of Trans-1,4,5,8-Tetranitro-1,4,5,8-Tetraazadecalin

作　　者：严启龙[1] 李笑江[1] 姬月萍[1] 齐晓飞[1] 汪伟[1] 易景缎[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《化学推进剂与高分子材料》2008年第2期27-32,共6页Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials

基　　金：总装备部"十五"预研基金资助项目(项目编号:41328030503)

摘　　要：采用高压差示扫描量热法(PDSC)、热重分析法(TGA)和快速扫描傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR),研究了四硝基并哌嗪(TNAD)的热分解机理,并采用FT-IR技术和TG/MS(质谱)联用分析了TNAD热分解过程的凝聚相变化,确认其热分解机理与化学反应过程。研究表明,在1MPa压力下TNAD的分解过程较简单,无熔融吸热峰出现,属固相分解,主要放热峰出现在212.5～251.7℃。NTO-Pb、TNAD/φ-Pb、β-Cu和AD-Cu等铅铜盐对TNAD的催化作用明显,都能使其热分解反应提前,相比之下,β-Cu和NTO-Pb催化效果更好。炭黑、Al_2O_3、Al等添加剂对TNAD起到稀释作用,缓和了分解放热过程,可起到稳定燃烧的作用。TNAD热分解主要有2个历程,分解过程中产生的主要气体产物为HCHO、NO、HCN和-C2_H_2、-CHO等碎片离子。The thermal decomposition mechanism oftrans-1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin（TNAD） was studied by PDSC, TGA, FT-IR. The change of agglomerate phase of TNAD in the thermal decomposition process was analysed by FT-IR and TG/MS, the thermal decomposition mechanism and the process of the chemical reaction were affirmed. The research indicates that decomposition process of TNAD is relatively simple, without melting endothermic peak, solid phase reaction, mail exothermic peaks appear at 212.5-251.7℃ at 1 MPa pressure. The catalysis actions ofNTO-Pb, TNAD/φ-Pb, β-Cu, AD-Cu, etc lead/copper salts to TNAD are obvious, they can make the thermal decomposition bring forward, but catalysis effects of β-Cu and NTO-Pb are better. Carbon black, Al2O3, Al, etc additives possess dilute function to TNAD, relax the decomposition exothermic process, has steady function to the combustion. The thermal decomposition process of TNAD maily includes two stages. The main gas products produced in the decomposition process are HCHO, NO, HCN, and the fragment ions of -C2H2, -CHO, etc.

关 键 词：物理化学 DSC TNAD 热分解机理 TG/MS 

分 类 号：O643.3[理学—物理化学]