田间焚烧麦秆对玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of the Solution from Burned Wheat Straw Soil on the Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize

作　　者：刘天学[1] 张绍芬[1] 李潮海[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院国家玉米区域技术创新中心

出　　处：《玉米科学》2008年第3期78-81,共4页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：科技部粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A-06-6-2);河南省教育厅自然科学基金项目(2004210010)

摘　　要：采用水培法研究了麦秆焚烧后的土壤溶液对玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,种子发芽率、发芽指数和胚乳养分的利用率有所减少,但与焚烧前差异不显著;种子发芽势、活力指数和α-淀粉酶活性明显下降。幼苗芽长、苗鲜重和蛋白质合成减少不明显;幼苗主胚根长度、胚根数、叶绿素含量、净光合速率及干物质积累则明显减少。表明麦秆焚烧后的土壤溶液不利于玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长。The effects of the solution from burned wheat straw soil on seed germination and seedling growth of maize were studied by using water culture. The results showed that the germination percentage, germination ind ex（GI） and transformation ratio of organic substance in endosperm of maize seeds were no evident decreased, but the germination energy, seeds＇ vigor index（VI） and α-amylase activity of maize seeds decreased more markedly. There were no evident differences in seedlings＇ sprout length and plant fresh weight and synthesize ratio of soluble protein between the treatments of burned wheat straw soil and non-burned wheat straw soil. On the contrary, the radical length, side root number, plant dry weight, contents of chlorophyll and net photosynthesis ratio of maize plants cultured in the solution from soil of burned wheat straw decreased more markedly than those cultured in the solution from soil of non-burned wheat straw. These results suggested that the solution from burned wheat straw soil make against the seed germination and seedling growth of maize.

关 键 词：玉米田 焚烧麦秆 土壤溶液 种子萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] Q945[生物学—植物学]