玉米不同基因型对低温吸胀的响应及幼苗生长分析  

Response of Maize Different Genotypes to Imbibitional Chilling Injury and Seedlings Growth Analysis

作　　者：李霞[1] 李连禄[1] 王美云[1] 李立公[1] 彭金凤 赵明[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]河北省广平县职教中心,河北邯郸057650 [3]中国农业科学院作物所,北京100081

出　　处：《玉米科学》2008年第2期60-65,70,共7页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：北京农业育种基础研究创新项目“超级玉米种质创新及中国玉米标准DNA指纹库构建”;国家“十一五”科技支撑计划粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A13);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项

摘　　要：以3类耐冷性不同的玉米组合为材料,在萌发期分别进行低温(6℃)和常温(25℃)24h的浸种处理,测定吸胀时期的吸水速率、电导率、脱氢酶、α-淀粉酶活性以及发芽指标和苗期形态指标的变化,研究不同耐冷基因型对低温吸胀的反应及其对苗期生长的影响。结果表明,不耐冷型玉米的子粒吸胀迅速,造成种子吸胀损伤程度大,其电导率相应增大,脱氢酶活性较低,导致发芽率、发芽指数的降低;耐冷型吸胀缓慢,膜系统恢复的速度较快,上述指标的降低有很大程度的减轻;中耐冷型居中。相关分析表明,发芽率比率、根冠比比率均与电导率比率存在显著负相关关系,与种子脱氢酶比率呈显著或极显著正相关。说明膜的稳定性及脱氢酶活性的增强是耐冷性品种耐吸胀冷害的主要原因。Three kinds of maize hybrids with different cold tolerant characteristics [cold tolerance （R）, medium cold tolerance （MR） and no cold tolerance （NR）] had been soaked in different temperature（6℃ and 25℃ respectively） for twenty-four hours in germination stage. Then imbibition＇s rate, electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, α-amylase activity, germinating indexes and seedling growth indexes were measured to study the response of maize different genotypes to imbibition chilling injury and the subsequent influence on seedlings growth. The results showed that NR had swift imbibition rate and severely damage, which resulted in electrical conductivity enhanced corre- spondingly, dehydrogenase activity reduced and germination percentage, germination index reduced. However, R had slow imbibition rate which arouse membrane system recovering quickly and indexes mentioned above alleviated to some extent. Almost all indexes of MR were placed in the middle. Correlation analysis indicated that germination percentage ratio, root/shoot ratio negatively correlated markedly with electrical conductivity ratio and correlated markedly with dehydrogenase activity ratio. That indicated that stabile membrane and dehydrogenase activity reinforced was the main cause for cold tolerance of R.

关 键 词：玉米 耐冷性 低温吸胀 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]