新疆于田绿洲盐渍化土壤盐分动态变化特征研究  

Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Salt Content of Salinized Soil on Yutian Oasis in Xinjiang Autonomous Region

作　　者：古丽格娜·哈力木拉提[1,2] 阿布都沙拉木·加拉力丁[1,2,3] 海米提·依米提[1,3] 热比娅·吐尔逊[1,2] 胡小韦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]绿洲生态安全教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [3]干旱半干旱区可持续发展国际研究中心,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2008年第3期100-104,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：新疆大学博士科研启动基金项目(XJEDU070283);中国博士后科研资助金;新疆教育厅自然科学基金重点项目(XJEDU2006I09);新疆绿洲生态教育部重点实验室开放课题(XJDX02060401)

摘　　要：土壤含盐量对作物的生长有较大影响,分析土壤盐分动态变化对防止土壤次生盐渍化和提高农作物产量有较大意义。对塔里木盆地南缘克里雅河流域于田地区典型盐渍化地进行4次野外调研,在GPS定点,土壤采样及室内分析的基础上,借助Excel,SPSS等统计软件对研究区不同时期土壤含量盐及pH进行比较。结果表明:土壤平均pH值为9.1,属于碱土,盐分含量表聚强烈,土壤可溶性盐及pH的变化趋势为9月>5月>7月>3月。土壤阳离子主要以Na+,K+,Ca2+和Mg2+为主。3月、5月、7月中各阴离子在土体中的含量依次为Cl->CO32->SO42->HCO3-,在易溶性盐类上行过程中,以氯化盐最为活跃,硫酸盐次之,碳酸盐较稳定。而9月各阴离子在土体中的含量依次为HCO3->CO32->Cl->SO42-。0-20 cm土层中盐离子相关性分析表明:3月、5月、7月、9月各离子之间及各离子与总可溶性盐之间的相关性不同。Soil salinity has a significant effect on crop growth. Analyzing the dynamic changes of soil salt content is very important in preventing the soil secondary salinization and increasing the crops outputs. Four times of field survey were conducted on typical salinized land in Yutian area,southern part of Tarim Basin and soil sampled. By means of SPSS statistical software,soil salt content and pH value were analyzed in different period in this region. Results showed that zaverage soil pH value is amount to 9.1 ,belongs to alkali soil,and large amounts of salt concentrated on topsoil;salt content and p H value of the changing trend were Sep. 〉 May〉July〉 March,Salt cation is mainly consisted of Na＋ , K＋ , Ca2＋ and Mg2＋. In March, May,July anion content in soil were Cl^-〉CO3^2-〉SO4^2-〉HCO3^-, and chloride is most active anion, then followed by sulfate, carbonate is quite stable anion. In September, anion content in soil were HCO3^-〉CO3^2-〉Cl^-〉SO4^2-. The correlation analysis results of salt ion in 0-- 20 cm soil depth indicated that there were different levels of correlations between total salt content and each salt ion in different research period （in March, May,July and Sep. ）.

关 键 词：于田绿洲 土壤剖面 盐渍化土壤 土壤可溶性盐 土壤盐分动态特征 

分 类 号：S156.41[农业科学—土壤学]