一起流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行病学调查  

Survey of prevalence of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and results of control in Urumqi,Xinjiang in 2005

作　　者：刘清[1] 米吉提.买买提 赛娜瓦尔[1] 王效俊[1] 王立秋 李群 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]安徽省疾病预防与控制中心,安徽合肥230000 [3]亚洲开发银行

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2008年第7期1208-1210,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2005年乌鲁木齐市局部区域发生流行性脑脊髓炎(流脑)情况,评价采取的措施及控制效果。方法收集乌鲁木齐市近年流脑疫情资料,并采用现场调查法抽查近3年目标人群疫苗接种及对相关信息认知情况;根据疫情状况及流脑病原鉴定,采用相应的应对措施。结果2005年1～7月乌鲁木齐市报告流脑病例76例,其中实验室确诊病例3例。病例以3～4月为多,主要在乌鲁木齐市天山区,73.68%来自流动人口,72.36%在15岁以下,近2～3年没有明确流脑疫苗接种史。所调查流动人群对流脑认知水平低,98%近3年未接种过流脑疫苗。2003年乌鲁木齐市15岁以下在校中小学生接种过A+C流脑疫苗。优势菌株为A群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Nm)。结论由于流动人口疏于管理,目标人群对流脑认知水平、自我保护意识和能力低下,流脑疫苗接种率极低,易感人群累积所致流脑流行。为此,对目标人群流脑疫苗采取了应急接种和预防性服药等措施控制了疫情扩散。Objective To explore the features of an epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis （ECM） in some district of Murnmiql City form January to July 20075and the relevant factors leading to tile outbreak of ECM. Methods The data concerning the prevalence of ECM, diagnosis of pathogens and the records of vaccination in the past five years were collected and analyzed the effective strategies and measures and. Results There 76 ECM cases were reported between January and July in 2005, of which 73 were clinically diagnosed cases and 3 were laboratory confirmed cases. The reported cases mainly occurred in March and April in Tianshan District of Urumqi. There 73.68% of the patients were among the floating population and 72. 36% of them under the age of 15 years old without clear ECM vaccination history in the recent three years. The level of ECM knowledge in the floating population was low and 98, % of them was without vaccination of ECM in the past three years. Conclusion The outbreak of ECM is due to inefficient management of floating population, the accumulation of susceptible population, the low ECM knowledge and vaccination rate . Thus effective measures including emergent vaccination , drug prophylaxis, etc. the infection of ECM was controlled.

关 键 词：流行性脑脊髓膜脑炎 流行 调查 

分 类 号：R512.3[医药卫生—内科学]