生物法净化废气中低浓度挥发性有机物的过程机理研究  

Study on mechanism of purifying waste gases containing VOC in low concentration by biological method

作　　者：杨显万[1] 黄若华[1] 张玲琪 黄兵[1] 李晓梅 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境工程及化学工程系

出　　处：《中国环境科学》1997年第6期545-549,共5页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;云南省自然科学基金;云南省高等学校大型精密仪器设备分析测试基金

摘　　要：针对生物法净化低浓度挥发性有机废气的过程机理研究表明，生物膜填料塔净化低浓度甲苯气体是一个以气膜控制为主的传质过程，其中甲苯的生化降解属于瞬时快速化学反应，即甲苯的生化降解反应速率远远超过甲苯在液膜中的扩散速率，甲苯的生化降解在气液相界面处即可发生，其宏观表现即为甲苯气体直接吸附在润湿的生物膜上后迅速被微生物生化降解。因此，可以从气体吸附理论的新角度去解释生物法净化废气中低浓度挥发性有机物的动力学过程。对于低浓度挥发性有机废气的生物法净化装置的设计与操作而言，凡能改善传质条件、减少气膜阻力的措施均能强化这一生物吸收净化过程。The mechanism of purifying the waste gases containing volatile organic compounds (VOC) in low concentration by using the biological method were investigated in this study. The results indicated that the process of purifying the waste gas containing low concentration toluene by using a biofilter was a mass transfer process and controlled mainly by gasfilm. The biodegradation of toluene in the biofilter is an instantaneous highspeed biochemical reaction. The biodegradation rate of toluene is obvious bigger than the diffusion rate of its passing through liquidfilm, so that the bioreaction can be accomplished at the gasliquid interface. The macroscopical expression of this process is that toluenegas is directly adsorbed on the surface of wetted biofilm and then is rapidly biodegraded by microorganism. For this reason, the kinetic process of biopurifying the waste gases containing low concentration VOC could be described, from a new point of view, by using the gasadsorption theory. For the design and operation of facilities in the biological method, the every measure of improving the mass transfer condition or decreasing the gasfilm resistance can strengthen this biopurification process.

关 键 词：生物膜填料塔 挥发性有机物 废气净化 废气处理 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]