大功率直驱型风力发电系统拓扑结构对比分析  

High-power direct-driven wind power system topologies

作　　者：李建林[1] 胡书举[1] 付勋波[1] 高志刚[1] 许洪华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电工研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《电力自动化设备》2008年第7期73-77,共5页Electric Power Automation Equipment

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(20060390092)~~

摘　　要：直接驱动型变速恒频风力发电系统需要采用全功率变流器,对应的大功率变流器单元可以有不同的拓扑结构,根据每种电路拓扑的特点,整个系统的控制方法都有相应的变化。对直驱型变速恒频风力发电系统基本拓扑结构进行了对比分析,比较了二极管箝位型、级联H桥型、飞跨电容型等直驱风力发电拓扑结构的优缺点、技术难点,以及实际应用中存在的问题。对比结果表明:飞跨电容多电平变换器的开关负荷不一致,飞跨电容均压难以实现;级联H桥多电平变换器需要独立电源,成本较高;虽然二极管箝位多电平变换器存在中点电位平衡问题,但可以通过适当的控制解决。因此,低成本、控制简单的二极管箝位三电平PWM整流器成为当前直驱型风力发电整流变换研究的热点。DDVSCF（Direet-Driven Variable Speed Constant Frequency） WEGS（Wind Energy Generation System） needs high power converter,which may have different topological structures. The system control methods are different due to different topological characteristics. The basic topologies of DDVSCF WEGS are compared,while some high power converter structures are emphasized such as diode- clamped direct-driven type, cascaded H - bridge type, flying- capacitor direct- driven type and so on. Their advantages and disadvantages,key techniques,and existing problems are compared. Comparison results show that,for the flying- capacitor multi- level converter,voltage balance is difficult for its inconsistent switch load;for the cascade H-bridge multi-level converter,independent power source is needed, with high cost ;for the diode clamp multi-level converter,appropriate control can solve the neutral point potential balance problem. Therefore,the diode clamp three-level PWM rectifier with low cost and simple control becomes a hot issue in the study of direct drive wind- power generation rectifier.

关 键 词：风力发电 变速恒频 直接驱动 大功率 变流器 

分 类 号：TM464[电气工程—电器]