高分子复配材料对不同形态氮素溶出特性的影响  

Research on the Effects of Macromolecule Compound Materials on Release Characteristics of Different Forms of Nitrogen Nutrients

作　　者：乔菊[1] 蔡冬清[1] 姜疆[1] 卞坡[1] 吴跃进[1] 余增亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院安徽省离子束生物工程学重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2008年第15期6392-6393,6417,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]该研究为新型肥料的开发研究提供参考。[方法]以砂子为介质,通过淋溶试验,研究高分子复配材料对不同形态氮素溶出特性的影响。[结果]自制控失肥料氮素溶出平缓稳定,与普通肥料相比,高分子复配材料可以减少40%铵态氮、50%硝态氮、23%尿素氮、50%复合肥全氮的流失。肥料中各形态的氮素累积溶出率随时间的变化可以用线性方程y=a+bt、一元二次抛物线方程y=a+bt+ct2和一级动力学方程y=a(1-e-kt)表征,以一级动力学方程y=a(1-e-kt)拟合效果最好,一元二次抛物线方程y=a+bt+ct2次之。[结论]在普通化肥中按一定比例加入高分子复配材料可以控制肥料营养元素的渗透流失。[Objective]The research aimed to provide reference for the exploitation of new fertilizer.[Method]To control the penetration lose of fertilizer nutrition,a macromolecule compound material was mixed into ordinary fertilizer pro rat.By eluviation experiment,the release characteristics of different forms of N nutrient of the new fertilizer and the ordinary fertilizer were studied in the medium of sand.[Result]N-nutrient of the new fertilizer released slowly and steadily.Compared with ordinary fertilizer,the macromolecule compound material could reduce the loss of ammonium-N by 40%,the loss of saltpeter-N by 50%,the loss of urea-N by 23%,loss of total-N of the compound fertilizer by 50%.The release of the fertilizer could be described quantitatively by three equations： linear equation y=a＋bt,parabola equation y=a＋bt＋ct^2 and the first-order kinetica equation y=a（1-e^-kt）.And the imitation of the first-order kinetics equation was the best,the parabola equation took second place.[Conclusion]The penetration lose of fertilizer nutrition can be controlled by mixing macromolecule compound fertilizer pro rata.

关 键 词：高分子复配材料 氮素 溶出特性 动力学特性 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]