桤柏混交林林下植被结构及生物量动态  

Structure and Biomass Dynamics of Understory Vegetation for the Mixed Alder and Cypress Plantations

作　　者：吴鹏飞[1] 朱波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2008年第3期44-48,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-330);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2003CB415202)

摘　　要：林下植被是森林生态系统的重要组成部分，在森林生态系统的物质循环、生物多样性以及演替、发展等方面具有重要的作用。选取具有代表性的10，15，20，25a桤（Aluns cremastogyme）柏（Cupressus funebris）混交林和由桤柏混交林演替而来的30a纯柏林为研究对象，研究了川中丘陵区桤柏混交林的林下植被结构及生物量的动态变化。（1）灌丛和草本的物种丰富度在10～20a间增加，20~30a间，灌丛物种丰富度显著降低，草本层无明显变化。（2）灌丛和草本层的高度在10～15a间显著增加，15～30a间缓慢降低，灌丛高度具较大的空间异质性。（3）灌丛和草本层的盖度在15a前后有显著的上升和下降，20～30a间无显著的变化；草本层的盖度高于灌丛，且空间异质性小于灌丛。（4）灌丛生物量在15a前后有显著增加和下降，20~30a间相对稳定；草本层生物量在10~30a间呈波动性变化，但总体上呈下降趋势。研究结果表明，在桤柏混交林的生长发育过程中，林下植被的结构和功能呈逐渐退化趋势。Understory vegetation, one of the important parts of forest ecosystem structure, has some effects on material cycling, biodiversity, succession, and development of forest ecosystem. To study the structure and biomass dynamics of understory vegetation, investigations were conducted on the typical plantations of the mixed alder （Aluns cremastogyne） and cypress （Cupressus funebris） at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 year cypress plantation succeeded from the mixed plantations in the hilly areas of central Sichuan basin. Results showed that species abundance in shrub and herb layers increased from 10th to 20th years. However, from 20th to 30th years, species abundance in shrub layer declined significantly, and in herb layer, it did not change significantly. Heights of shrub and herb layers increased significantly from 10th to 15th years and decreased slowly from 15th to 30th years. Spatial heterogeneity of shrub height in the samples at the same age was higher. Coverage degrees of shrub and herb layers increased significantly before 15th year and then declined sharply, but did not change significantly from 20th to 30th years. Coverage degree of herb layer was higher and its spatial heterogeneity was lower compared with shrub layer. Biomass of shrub layer increased significantly before 15th years, then decreased from 15th to 20th year, and eventually stabilized from 20th to 30th years. Biomass of herb layer fluctuated from 10th to 30th years and tended to decline with plantation age. The results indicate that structures and functions of understory vegetation tend to degenerate with growth and development of the mixed alder and cypress plantations.

关 键 词：川中丘陵区 桤柏混交林 林下植被 结构 生物量 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]