陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区城郊农村土地利用变化定量分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Landuse Change in Suburban Countryside in the Loess Hilly-Gully Region of Northern Shaanxi Province

作　　者：徐中春[1] 谢永生[1] 王恒俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2008年第3期162-166,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划(KZCX2-XB2-05-01);国家自然科学重点基金(90502007)

摘　　要：以典型黄土丘陵沟壑区——延安市赵庄村为例,选取土地利用动态度、土地利用趋势状态指数、土地利用景观指数等指标,对村庄尺度上的土地利用变化进行了定量分析。结果表明,6 a来,研究区土地利用发生了较大的变化,主要以耕地的减少和未利用土地的增加等变化为主;未利用土地、居住及建设用地、林地、灌草地以不同程度增加,其动态度大小依次为43.92%,15.35%,0.33%,0.17%;而耕地、果园、水域则以不同程度减小,动态度大小依次为7.45%,3.79%,0.20%;耕地、果园、水域呈"落势"状态,而未利用土地、居住及建设用地、林地、灌草地呈"涨势",朝着规模增大的趋势发展;斑块数与斑块密度增加,优势度指数与偏离度指数减小,多样性指数、均匀度指数和破碎度指数都有不同程度的增大。By taking a typical loess hilly-gully area--Zhaozhuang village in Yan＇an City as a study area and selecting indexes such as dynamic degree of landuse, trend-state index of landuse, and landscape index of landuse, dynamic changes of landuse were analyzed quantitatively on village scale. Results showed that landuse in the study area changed to some extent during the past 6 years, which was characterized mainly by decreased farmland and increased unused land. Unused land, resident-construction land, forest land, and shrubby and grass land increased in varying degrees and their dynamic degrees were 43. 92%, 15. 35%, 0. 33%, and 0.17%, respectively. Farmland, orchard, and water area decreased in different degrees and their dynamic degrees were 7.45%, 3. 79%, and 0. 20%, respectively. The trends of farmland, orchard, and water area dropped, while the trends of unused land, resident-construction land, forest land, and shrubby grassland raised, which scales were increscent. Patch number and patch density increased. The dominance index and deviation index decreased while the indexes of diversity, evenness and fragmentation increased to some extent.

关 键 词：转移矩阵 景观格局 土地利用动态度 黄土丘陵沟壑区 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] S157[农业科学—土壤学]