居民对生态环境改善的支付意愿与受偿意愿差异分析-理论探讨与上海的实证  

Economic Analysis on The Large Disparity Between WTP and WTA in CVM Application in China: Theretical Analysis and Case Study in Urban City

作　　者：张翼飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学环境科学与工程系

出　　处：《西北人口》2008年第4期63-68,共6页Northwest Population Journal

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划课题青年项目(2007EZH0002)资助

摘　　要：支付意愿和受偿意愿在意愿价值法(CVM)评估生态服务价值应用中呈现的违背理论预期的巨大差异,是CVM方法有效性受到质疑的主要依据之一,也是国际研究的重点。国内由于缺乏该方面的实证研究与理论探讨,影响了CVM在我国生态环境价值评估中的应用,由此势必影响到以此为基础的相关环境公共政策的科学性。应用CVM评估上海景观内河的生态价值,不仅证实了支付意愿和受偿意愿的分布差异,与国外研究成果相比,呈现差异更大、范围更分散的特征。通过计量手段,揭示了差异的一般经济学因素和我国的特殊影响因素,如户籍因素、收入差距等,并建议:在中国应用CVM中选择价值测度指标时,应充分考虑收入差距、地区差距、二元结构等我国转型经济的特征。The large difference between willingness-to-pay （WTP） and willingness-to-accept （WTA） in CVM of the same change in provision which conflicts with economic prediction has been one of the issues that critics have taken as invalidating. Although being a hot problem it is scarce on theoretical and experimental study in China which will hamper the application of CVM. The author compared WTP and WTA get from CVM application in the ecosystem restoration of urban river in Shanghai and verified the disparity which is much higher and distributes more widely than results in international literature. By the help of economet- rics tool both general economic explanation and special cause in China was put forward to account for the disparity. The essay ends with a proposal that special social feature such as income gap ,regional gap and binary structure which reflects the charac-teristics of transition period in China must be considered fully when choosing WTP or WTA in CVM application.

关 键 词：意愿价值评估法(CVM) 生态服务价值 支付意愿 受偿意愿 福利测度 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]