进口智利李子上核果褐腐病菌鉴定  

Identification of Monilinia laxa from imported Chilean plum.

作　　者：田利华[1] 周国梁[2] 黄建康[2] 仇书红[2] 周而勋[1] 易建平[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广州510642 [2]上海出入境检验检疫局

出　　处：《植物检疫》2008年第4期201-204,F0003,共5页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家质检总局科研项目(2007IK241)

摘　　要：从进口智利李子上分离到一种引起李子果实腐烂的病原真菌，接种李子能引起果实变褐和腐烂。该真菌菌丝在PDA培养基上的生长最适温度为25℃，产孢少，菌落初始为浅灰色，边缘浅裂状，多次传代后逐渐变为浅白色，边缘整齐。分生孢子无色，单孢，柠檬形或卵圆形，大小11．5（9．5～14．7）μm×7．4（5．3～9．2）μm。ITS序列分析结果表明该分离物ITS区序列与GenBank中登录的16株舱laxa序列相似性分别为99．8％～100％，碱基的差异为0～1bp；与21株旭frueticola序列相似性为99．0％～99．2％，碱基的差异为4～5bp；与10株M.fructigena的序列相似性为97．5％～97．7％，碱基的差异为13～14bp。基于ITS序列的系统发育关系分析表明分离物sh675和GenBank中登录的16个M.laxa菌株属于同一个聚类群，相关的Mfructieola和M.fructigena属于另一个聚类群。M.laxa特异性引物ITS1Mix／ITS4Mlx能扩增分离物sh675的菌丝DNA，得到预期的356bp扩增产物。根据该真菌的菌落形态特征、分生孢子形态特征、ITS序列和PCR检测结果，将其鉴定为核果褐腐病菌（Monilinia laxa）。The pathogenic fungus sh675 isolated from plum imported from Chile, which can infect the plum fruit and caused fruit brown rot after mycelium inoculation, was identified as Monilinia laxa based on the morphological characters and molecular methods. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 25 ℃, colony colour grey with lobed or wedged margin, turned into cream or white colony with smooth margin after several generations, mycelium growth rate slow, sporulation sparse, conidia, 1- celled, hyaline, lemon- shaped, 11.5 （9.5- 14.7） μm × 7.4 （5.3 - 9.2） μm on PDA. The analysis of ITS sequences obtained by PCR amplification and sequen- cing with the sequence of related species from GenBank revealed that the isolate sh675 shared 99.8% - 100% identity with sixteen M. laxa isolates, and were identical to fourteen out of sixteen isolates; had 99.0% -99.2% similarity with twentyone M. fructicola isolates, Similarly, 97.5% -97.7% similarity with ten isolates of M. fructicola. Phylogenetic relationship tree based on the rDNA ITS sequences of M. laxa and related species by the software PAUP 4.0 showed that isolate sh675 and other sixteen M. laxa isolates retrieved from GenBank were in the same subclade with nucleotide sequence differentiation of 1 bp. A 356 - bp DNA fragment was amplified using M. laxa -specifie primers ITS1Mlx/ ITS4Mlx for isolates sh675 and no produets were obtained for DNA of M. fructicola and M. fructigna.

关 键 词：李子 褐腐 核果褐腐病菌 鉴定 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护]