模拟酸雨及其SO_4^(2-)离子对油菜生长及品质的影响  

Effect of SO_4^(2-) in simulated acid rain on growth and quality of rapeseed

作　　者：郑有飞[1] 李璐[1] 梁骏[1] 李红双[1] 麦博儒[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2008年第2期185-190,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：江苏省"333"工程资助项目(2219#)

摘　　要：通过大田试验,以秦优7号油菜品种为供试对象,初步研究了南京地区硫酸型模拟酸雨及其SO42-对油菜生长及品质的影响。结果表明,pH>4.0时,主要表现为酸雨中SO42-离子对油菜的株高和叶面积的促进作用,最大值出现在pH5.0的处理组。只有在强酸性酸雨(pH<4.0)的胁迫下油菜的株高和叶面积才会随酸度的增强而减少。叶绿素含量受酸雨酸度的影响比较显著,尤其是叶绿素a,其含量与酸雨的pH值呈显著正相关。pH>4.0时,酸雨中植物硫素的供给对油菜籽产量有促进作用;但在极酸性条件下,酸雨是胁迫因子,导致产量显著下降,但对千粒重并无显著影响。此外,模拟酸雨对油菜籽粗脂肪、蛋白质、可溶性糖和还原性糖含量表现出显著胁迫,对水溶性氨基酸有促进作用,但与酸雨酸度之间没有明显的线性相关性,总酸度与酸雨pH值呈二阶相关关系。The effect of SO4^2-in a simulated acid rain on growth and quality of rapeseeds was studied in rapeseed field. The result showed that plant height and leaf area of the rapeseed increased when pH 〉 4.0, with the peak value appearing in pHS. 0. The plant height and leaf area decreased sharply when the pH value of simulated acid rain getting lower. The concentration of chlorophyll notably decreased with the lower pH value, with 59.06% in average. Chlorophyll - a had a positive correlation with pH value of acid rain and was more likely to be influenced by the acid rain than the chlorophyll - b, especially when pH 〈 3.0. Yield increases when pH 〉 4.0 which may attribute to the SO4^2- supply and decrease under intensive stress of the acid rain. However, the simulated acid rain seemed have less effect on the thousand grain weight. Under the effect of the acid rain, the concentration of crude lipid, crude protein, soluble saccharide and reductive saccharide decreased significantly with lower pH value, especially when pH 〈3.0. However, the concentration of soluble amino acid under different treatment had a notable increase, but showed no linear correlation with the pH and SO4^2- variation in the simulated acid rain. The total acidity had a 2 - stage linear correlation with the pH value. The pH 3.0 of the acid rain can be considered as a threshold, and below which the growth would be restrained and quality of the seeds would be undermined.

关 键 词：模拟酸雨 SO4^2- 影响 油菜 生长 品质 

分 类 号：S435.111.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S565.4[农业科学—植物保护]