超临界水中花生壳气化制氢催化剂的筛选与研究  

Research on Catalysts and Their Catalytic Characteristics for Hydrogen Production by Gasification of Peanut Shell in Supercritical Water

作　　者：裴爱霞[1] 张锐[1] 金辉[1] 郭烈锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2008年第7期913-918,共6页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2003CB214500);国家自然科学基金会创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(50521604)

摘　　要：在釜式反应装置上,以原生生物质花生壳为原料、CMC为添加剂,对不同种类的催化剂在超临界水中生物质催化气化制氢的影响进行了实验研究.温度水平选择为400℃,压力控制在22～24 MPa范围内,物料的质量分数为10%,催化剂包括ZnCl2、K2CO3、KOH、Na2CO3、NaOH、LiOH、Ca（OH）2、Raney-Ni、橄榄石和白云石.实验结果表明：各种催化剂的催化效果有很大的区别,骨架催化剂Raney-Ni的大比表面积和特殊的电子层结构,使得生物质在超临界水中较低温度条件下可以达到良好的气化效果,在所考察的几种类型催化剂中,Raney-Ni的产氢效率最高,达到28.03 g/kg,是一种极具潜力的超临界水生物质制氢催化剂.Experiments were conducted with an autoclave reactor to investigate the effects of catalysts on the reaction. Peanut shell, mixed with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, was gasified at 400 ℃ and in the range from 22 to 24 MPa with different catalysts, including Raney-Ni, Ca（OH）2, Na2CO3, K2CO3, NaOH, KOH, LiOH, ZnCl2, dolomite and olivine. The results show that the biomass was gasified almost completely in the presence of Raney-Ni and the hydrogen production reached up to 28. 03 g/kg. The highest activity can be attributed to the skeleton frame of Raney-Ni and the electronic shell of Ni. In addition, the related catalytic mechanism and kinetics were discussed based on the experiment results.

关 键 词：生物质 超临界水 气化 制氢 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]