欧美杨107号和108号引种育苗试验研究  

Introduction and breeding experiments of Populus×euramericana 'Neva' and Populus×euramericana 'Guarienta' in Qingyang City,Gansu Province

作　　者：席忠诚 何天龙 乔小花 

机构地区：[1]庆阳市林木种苗管理站．甘肃西峰745000

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2008年第3期111-116,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃省庆阳市科技攻关项目(2001年TK011-1-10).

摘　　要：在庆阳地区经过5年的育苗引种试验,成功实现了欧美杨107号和108号的跨区域引种,结果表明:欧美杨107、108引种扦插当年成苗率达到96%以上;三年苗高107号在5.37 m以上、108号在5.36 m以上,成苗率在95%以上.杨黑斑病和叶锈病发病率只有2%,表现出很强的适应性.生长期为163 d、生长高峰期出现在6、7、8三个月或7、8、9三个月;喷灌加普通漫灌比单纯漫灌苗高和地径生长分别提高了15.0%和21.1%;叶面喷6 000倍喷施宝液肥苗高和地径分别提高19.8%和22.2%;采用高床、地膜覆盖、流水浸泡插穗、加强生长旺盛期叶面喷肥和适时灌溉喷水等作业方式是培育欧美杨优质苗木的必要条件.欧美杨2根1干平茬苗生长稳定,苗期生长量欧美杨107>欧美杨108>新疆杨,具有大面积推广的潜力.Through seedling breeding experiments for five years,cross-regional introduction of two poplar hybred cultivars,Populus×euramericana ＇Neva＇（Num.107） and Populus×euramericana ＇Guarienta＇（Num.108） to Qingyang City of Gansu Province was realized.The results showed that the seedling rate of the cuttings of two poplar cultivars in the same year of introduction reached above 96 %,the heights of three-year-old seedlings of both cultivars N.107 and N.108 were above 5.37 m and above 5.36 m respectively,and the survival ratio of seedlings reached above 95 %.In addition,the seedlings had a lower disease incidence rates（only 2 %） of Marssonina brunnea（Ell.et EV.）Sacc.and Melampsor larici-populina Kleb.,and exhibited a very strong adaptability.The growth period lasted 163 d,and the growth peak periods appeared in three months of June,July and August,or July,August and September.The growth in both hieghts and basal diameters of seedlings under combined irrigation of sprinkler with flood increased separately by 15.0 % and 21.1 % compared to that under pure flood irrigation.The growth in both hieghts and basal diameters of seedlings sprayed on its leaf surface with the the foliar fertilizer Penshibao diluted by 6 000 times of water increased separately by 19.8 % and 22.2 %.Some operation modes were the essential conditions for producing the high quality seedlings of Populus×euramericana,such as high bed,plastic film mulching,cutting soaking in the running water,fertilizer spraying on the leaf surface in the vigorous growth period,irrigating or spraying with water at the right moments and so on.The stubble seedlings with two main roots and one stem of two poplar cultivars displayed a certain stable growth state.The growth increment of the cultivar Populus×euramericana ＇Neva＇（Num.107） in seedling period was more than Populus×euramericana ＇Guarienta＇（Num.108）,and Populus alba var.pyramidalis was the last.Two introduced cultvars would have the popularization potential in large area.

关 键 词：欧美杨107 欧美杨108 庆阳 引种育苗 

分 类 号：S722.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]