中国对虾生长性状遗传参数的估计  

Estimation of genetic parameters for growth traits of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

作　　者：田燚[1] 孔杰[1] 栾生[1] 张天时[1] 罗坤[1] 王清印[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2008年第3期1-6,共6页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：国家高新技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2006AA10A406);农业部优势农产品重大技术推广项目(0301007、0401007)共同资助

摘　　要：通过人工授精的方法建立了中国对虾21个半同胞家系(47个全同胞家系)。测量了中国对虾21个半同胞(47个全同胞)家系的体长、头胸甲长、头胸甲宽、第2和第3腹节处宽、第2和第3腹节处高、第1腹节长、第6腹节长和体重,共测量中国对虾1387尾。采用混合家系材料,利用Mtd-freml软件中的动物模型进行分析,平均体重作为协变量,得到的生长性状遗传力在0.04～0.20。体重遗传力为0.14±0.16。体长的遗传力为0.10±0.06,头胸甲长为0.07±0.06,头胸甲宽为0.05±0.04,第2、3腹节宽为0.20±0.16,第2、3腹节高的最低为0.04±0.13,第1腹节长为0.09±0.09,第6腹节长为0.19±0.15。各个性状间表现出高的正相关,其中头胸甲宽和体长以及2.3腹节高的遗传相关最大,达到了1.0±0.01,第1腹节长和2.3腹节宽的遗传相关最小为0.82±0.08。遗传力估计结果表明,中国对虾体长、体重性状的遗传力属于中度遗传力,在加性效应控制下,对中国对虾生长性状进行选择育种具有很大的遗传改良潜力,可以获得较好的选择效果。性状间高遗传相关说明在对体重进行选择的同时,其余的生长性状可以获得相关的间接选择反应。通过性状间的相关关系研究,可以对两性状间的关系进行明确的定量,有利于制定合理的多性状选择方案。在实际育种工作过程中,可以排除一些不利的或者相关性小的性状,以达到目的性状的最佳选择进展。实验结果为中国对虾的间接选择和早期选择育种提供依据。Twenty-one half-sib families（47 full-sib families）of the Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis were obtained by artificial insemination.Eight growth traits of 1 387 shrimps of these families were measured,including body length,cephalothorax length,cephalothorax width,width of the second and third abdominal segment,height of the second and third abdominal segment,length of the first abdominal segment,length of the last abdominal segment and body weight.The values of heritability were estimated using mixed-animal model in multiple-trait derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood（MTDFREML）software,with average body weight as covariate,and family as a random factor in the statistical model.The heritability estimates for all growth traits were at medium level,ranging from 0.04±0.13-0.20±0.16.The heritability was 0.10±0.06 for total body length,0.07±0.06 for cephalothorax length,0.05±0.04 for cephalothorax width,0.20±0.16 for the width of the second and third abdominal segment,0.04±0.13 for the height of the second and third abdominal segment,0.09±0.09 for the length of the first abdominal segment,0.19±0.15 for the length of the last abdominal segment and 0.14±0.16 for body weight,respectively.Genetic correlations were high between the growth traits.The genetic correlation between cephalothorax width and total body length was the highest（1.0±0.01）,and that between the length of the first abdominal segment and the width of the second and third abdominal segment was the lowest（0.82±0.08）.The findings in this work suggested that these growth traits were under additive genetic control and are expected to respond to selection.The high and positive genetic correlation between growth traits indicated that selection for high body length levels would result in positive response in other traits.Correlation analysis of genetic parameters could quantify the relationship between growth traits,and facilitate the planning for multi-traits breeding programme.Growth traits of little correlations should

关 键 词：中国对虾 遗传力 遗传相关 生长性状 

分 类 号：Q959.223[生物学—动物学] Q3