罗氏沼虾不同群体杂交效果分析  

Analysis of the effect of hybridization between different groups of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

作　　者：罗坤[1] 杨国梁 孔杰[1] 张宇飞 王军毅 宫金华 高强 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]浙江南太湖淡水水产种业有限公司,湖州313001

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2008年第3期67-73,共7页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：农业部优势农产品重大技术推广项目(0301007、0401007)资助

摘　　要：对罗氏沼虾3个群体:缅甸群体(AA)、浙江养殖群体(BB)和广西养殖群体(CC)及其6个杂交组合子一代5月龄的4个生长性状进行了测定。计算了各项指标的杂种优势率,并对各性状进行了方差分析和多重比较。结果表明,除BB♀×AA♂杂交组合的子一代在腹长和体重上没有表现出杂种优势,CC♀×BB♂杂交组合的子一代在头胸甲长指标上表现出杂种劣势外,5月龄的杂交子一代在4个生长指标中均表现出一定程度的杂种优势(0.11%～10.18%)。不同杂交组合间和不同性状间的杂种优势存在差异,AA♀×CC♂杂交组合子一代4个指标的杂种优势率均高于其他杂交组合子一代,体重的平均杂种优势率均高于其他3个指标的平均杂种优势率。方差分析结果表明,自繁群体后代间在4个生长指标上不存在显著差异;杂种子一代与该组合的自繁后代相比较,只有缅甸群体、广西养殖群体及其杂种子一代的体长指标在群体间存在显著差异;6个杂交子一代的体重指标差异不显著,其他3个指标均存在显著差异。LSD多重比较结果显示,AA♀×CC♂杂交子一代体长与自繁(CC♀×CC♂)后代的体长存在显著差异;在头胸甲长、腹长和体长3个指标中,CC♀×BB♂杂交子一代与AA♀×BB♂杂交子一代和AA♀×CC♂杂交子一代均存在显著差异,并且CC♀×BB♂杂交子一代在3个指标中的平均值均低于这两个杂交组合。Three groups of Macrobrachium rosenbergii from Burma（AA）,Zhejiang（BB）and Guangxi（CC）,and their five month old F1 hybrids of six crossbreeding combinations were measured for four growth characteristics.Heterosis in the four growth traits was found for most of the hybrids at a range of values（0.11%～10.18%）,yet there was not heterosis in growth of abdomen length and body weight for the hybrids of BB♀×AA♂ or in growth of cephalothorax length for CC♀×BB♂.Heterosis were different for different combinations and in different traits;hybrids of AA♀×CC♂showed the highest heterosis rate among the six combinations,and heterosis of body weight was the highest among the four traits.ANOVA of the four growth traits showed no significant difference among self-reproducing F1 of AA,BB and CC.There was a significant difference in body length between the offspring of AA or CC and their hybrids.Among the six F1 hybrids,there was significant difference in cephalothorax length,abdomen length,body length,but no significant difference was found for body weight.Results of LSD indicated that there was significant difference in body length between hybrids AA♀×CC♂and offspring of CC.The hybrids of AA♀×BB♂ and AA♀×CC♂ had significantly greater values of cephalothorax length,abdomen length and body length than CC♀×BB♂.

关 键 词：罗氏沼虾 群体 杂种优势 

分 类 号：Q959.223.63[生物学—动物学] Q32