东莞市美沙酮门诊海洛因成瘾者基线调查  

A BASELINE INVESTIGATION ON HEROIN ADDICTS IN METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT CLINICS IN DONGGUAN

作　　者：张巧利[1] 金行中 袁丁 夏宪照[1] 方晓君[1] 陈德添 郑少敏[4] 

机构地区：[1]广东省东莞市疾病预防控制中心,东莞523006 [2]广东省东莞市卫生局,东莞523002 [3]广东省东莞市新涌医院,东莞523016 [4]广东省东莞市厚街医院,东莞523945

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2008年第3期204-207,共4页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：东莞市科技局2007年科技计划项目(编号2007105150001)资助

摘　　要：目的:了解东莞市美沙酮维持治疗门诊海洛因成瘾者的人口学及行为学特点,为采取进一步干预措施提供依据。方法:采用国家统一的《社区药物维持治疗评估基线调查表》对在东莞市美沙酮维持治疗门诊服药人员进行调查。调查内容包括人口学、行为学及HIV、HCV感染情况等。结果:在东莞市美沙酮维持治疗门诊服药的人员中30a以下者占86·1%;男性占96·0%,已婚占52·7%;初中文化程度占69·2%;无业/待业者占53·2%。与家庭关系良好者占43·8%。过去一个月(调查前)79·6%有注射吸毒行为,28·8%共用针具。64·4%有未婚性行为,多性伴比例占21·0%,61·5%在最近一次性行为中使用了安全套。过去3个月,10·9%曾违法犯罪。无HIV感染者,HCV感染者占30·3%。来门诊单程花费的时间最短2min,最长3h,平均40min±s27·6min。结论:在东莞市美沙酮维持治疗门诊就诊的服药人员主要是青壮年男性,文化程度低,多为无业/待业者;未发现HIV感染者,针具共用率均较低,但存在非婚性行为、多性伴、安全套使用率偏低等感染HIV的高危因素。建议加大对该人群的宣传教育和推广安全套使用等干预措施。Objective：To know the demographic and behavioral characteristics of heroin addicts on methadone maintenance treatment（MMT） in Dongguan and to provide basic data for setting up proper prevention and intervention measures. Methods：An investigation was carried out among heroin addicts under MMT treatment by a unified questionnaire designed by Chinese National MMT Working Group. The contents included demography,behavior and some blood -borne disease infection. Results ：96.0% of the drug users on MMT clinics were male; 86. 1% were under 30 years old; 69.2% had middle school - education, 52. 7% were married and 53.2% were unemployed. 43.8% had good relation with their family. 79.6% injected drugs and 28.8% shared needles in the past month before the survey. 64.4% heroin addicts experienced non - marriage sex, 21.0% had more than one sexual partners and 61.5% used condoms in the recent sex activities. 10.9% committed crimes and 30.3% had HCV infection. One way travel to MMT clinics took 2 min -3 h（40 min±s 27.6 min）. Conclusion：Most of the drug users in MMT clinics were young male with middle school education, unemployed and married. In heroin addicts in MMT clinics, no HIV infection is found and sharing needles rate is low, but there are high risks in the population, such as non - marriage sexes, multi - sexual partners and low condom use. We suggest to strengthen health education and intervention among the population.

关 键 词：艾滋病 吸毒人群 美沙酮维持治疗 高危行为 安全套 注射吸毒 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R595.5[医药卫生—临床医学]