太湖地区典型水稻土稻-麦轮作地表径流中磷的变动规律  

Study on phosphorus concentrations in runoff from paddy soils of rice-wheat double cropping system in Taihu Lake region

作　　者：张红爱[1] 张焕朝[2] 钟萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东省林业调查规划院,广州510520 [2]南京林业大学,南京210037 [3]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广州510632

出　　处：《生态科学》2008年第1期17-23,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40171056;30471375);国家重点基础研究项目(G1999011806)

摘　　要：为了了解来自农田土壤径流磷浓度对太湖水体富营养化的贡献状况,采用田间小区试验的方法,研究了太湖地区安镇爽水型水稻土和常熟囊水型水稻土2000～2002年度磷素流失浓度变化及其原因。结果表明:太湖地区农田水稻土磷素流失的主要形态是颗粒态磷;施磷处理对地表径流磷浓度有显著影响;两种水稻土的径流中磷浓度呈现出随时间而降低的趋势;稻季土壤磷素流失的最大风险时期约在水稻移栽后一个月内,而麦季约在磷肥施用后1～2个月内;对于同期地表径流事件,囊水型水稻土径流中DP和TP浓度均高于爽水型水稻土;土壤类型对地表径流次数有明显的影响,并且随季节表现不同。Little is known about the exact amount of phosphorus（P） loss per year from the paddy soils in Taihu Lake region and the contribution of this P loss to the eutrophication of Taihu Lake among all kinds of non-point sources. A field plot experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of P concentrations in runoff and the masons responsible for these changes on two types of paddy soils, the permeable paddy soil in Anzhen site and the waterlogged paddy soil in Changshu site in the Taihu Lake Region from June 2000 to June 2002. The results showed that particulate P was the dominant portion in runoff and P fertilization had a significantly effect on the P concentrations in runoff. Phosphorus concentration in runoff for each treatment seemed to decrease from the first runoff event to the last event both in rice growing seasons and wheat growing season. Beside, the greatest potential risk of P loss by mnoffmight occur in one month in rice growing season and one or two months in wheat growing season after P fertilization. P concentrations in runoff from the waterlogged paddy soil were greater than those from the permeable paddy soil if the runoff events occurred at the same period. It was also observed that the paddy soil type had an obvious effect on the number ofrunoffevent.

关 键 词：水稻土 土壤磷素 地表径流 富营养化 磷浓度 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]