无瓣海桑模拟湿地系统对污水的净化效应  

Purification effects of Sonneratia apetala simulated wetland system on wastewater

作　　者：李玫[1] 廖宝文[1] 刘金苓[2] 章家恩[2] 周光益[1] 粟娟 

机构地区：[1]中国林科院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广州510642 [3]广州市林业局,广州510030

出　　处：《生态科学》2008年第1期46-49,共4页Ecological Science

基　　金：十一五"国家科技支撑计划专题(2006BAD03A1402);国家科技部科研院所社会公益专项项目(2005DIB3J137);广州市林业局项目"广州南沙红树林湿地环境效应监测

摘　　要：在温室中建立红树林植物无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala Buch-Ham)模拟湿地系统,分别用正常浓度(SW)、5倍浓度(FW)和10倍浓度(TW)3种人工配制的生活污水定时定量对模拟系统污灌4个月,无瓣海桑模拟湿地系统对人工合成污水中污染物总净化率平均为N 84.6%,P 91.2%,Cd 91.2%,Pb 94.8%,Zn 84.9%,Cu 87.1%,其中土壤子系统在总净化率中所占比例平均为N 54.5%,P 76.5%,Cd 99.1%,Pb 99.6%,Zn 99.3%,Cu 99.2%。重金属有99%以上是积累在土壤中,表明土壤子系统是本模拟湿地系统净化的主体,这也是植物借以避免污染物伤害的原因之一。与不栽种植物的比较,栽种无瓣海桑的系统中土壤子系统的重金属净化率高,说明红树植物在模拟湿地净化系统中起了重要作用。由于土壤中N、P被无瓣海桑吸收用于生长,栽种了无瓣海桑的土壤子系统的积累量比不栽种的子系统少。A simulated mangrove Sonneratia apetala wetland was set up in a greenhouse. Through wastewater irrigating test, the purifying effects of simulated wetland system were studied. The synthetic wastewater SW had the characteristics and strength similar to normal domestic wastewater, while FW and TW had the nutrients and heavy metals as five and ten times as those in SW, respectively. Wastewater was irrigated quantitatively and regularly for 4 months. The average purifying rates of Sonneratia apetala simulated wetland system on the nutrients and heavy metals in synthetic wastewater were： N 84.6%, P 91.2%, Cd 91.2%, Pb 94.8%, Zn 84.9% and Cu 87.1%, in which the purifying rates of soil subsystem were： N 54.5%, P 76.5%, Cd 99.3%, Ni 99.2%, Pb 99.6%, Zn 99.3% and Cu 99.2%. These indicated that the soil subsystem played an important role on purification and that plants could avoid the damage of pollutants. But the purifying efficiency of soil subsystem on nutrients where plant had been grown was lower than that without plant growth because of the adsorption of N and P by S. apetala.

关 键 词：无瓣海桑 模拟湿地系统 人工合成污水 净化效应 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173