挪威Storgama小型源头集水区积雪操控实验:对总有机碳和总有机氮淋溶的影响  

Manipulation of Snow in Small Headwater Catchments at Storgama,Norway:Effects on Leaching of Total Organic Carbon and Total Organic Nitrogen

作　　者：Kari Austnes Φyvind Kaste Live Semb Vestgarden Jan Mulder 张秋英 

机构地区：[1]挪威生命科学大学 [2]挪威水研究所

出　　处：《AMBIO－人类环境杂志》2008年第1期36-45,共10页

摘　　要：预期未来气候变化将引起冬季温度升高,这可能导致北温带较低和中等高度地区的雪积累降低。土壤温度和水状况的变化结果会影响总有机碳(TOC)、总有机氮(TON)的淋溶。本研究在挪威南部的山地荒野区对小型源头集水区的积雪覆盖进行操控实验,以此来量化对径流中TOC和TON浓度和通量的影响。操控实验包括除雪处理(以促进土壤冻结)和隔离处理(以阻止土壤冻结)。除雪处理导致TOC和TON浓度升高,但通量减少。隔离引起TOC浓度和通量少量降低。研究结果表明,积雪深度变化,因而土壤温度也发生变化,对所研究的山地荒野区的TOC和TON淋溶不会有严重影响。Projected increases in winter temperature due to future climate change may cause decreased snow accumulation at lower and intermediate altitudes in northern temperate regions.The resulting changes in soil temperature and water regime may affect the leaching of total organic carbon (TOC) and total organic nitrogen (TON).We manipulated the snow cover of small headwater catchments in a montane heathland area of southern Norway to quantify its effect on concentrations and fluxes of TOC and TON in runoff.Manipulations included snow removal,to promote soil frost,and insulation,to prevent soil frost.Snow removal resulted in increased TOC and TON concentrations,but decreased fluxes.Insulation caused a slight decrease in concentrations and fluxes of TOC. Our experiments show that a change in snow depth,and thus soil temperature, is not likely to have serious effects on TOC and TON leaching in the montane heathland area studied.

关 键 词：总有机碳 氮淋溶 集水区 实验 操控 积雪 源头 挪威 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S532[农业科学—作物学]