基于ASI法的滨海滩涂地水稻测土推荐磷、钾施用量的验证  

Validating the optimal phosphorous and potassium application rates for rice based on soil testing and fertilizer recommendation by ASI

作　　者：魏义长[1] 白由路[2] 杨俐苹[2] 姚政[3] 罗国安[3] 徐四新[3] 宋韦 朱春梅 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电学院资源与环境学院,河南郑州450011 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]上海市农业科学院环境科学研究所,上海201106 [4]上海海丰米业公司农业试验站,江苏大丰224153

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2008年第3期35-39,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目--水稻和蔬菜精准农业生产技术体系研究(农攻字1-10)

摘　　要：运用土壤养分状况系统研究法(ASI)进行土壤测定和水稻肥料推荐,通过田间小区试验对滨海滩涂地水稻推荐磷、钾施用量进行验证。结果表明,在其它营养元素的施用量均在最佳推荐量条件下,ASI法测土推荐的磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)最佳施用量(90 kg/hm2、105 kg/hm2)处理的水稻有效分蘖数、穗实粒数、千粒重及产量均是最佳的;且施磷能够显著增加水稻的有效分蘖数,施钾能够显著增加水稻穗粒数和千粒重,最终达到增产的目的。因此,运用ASI法对滨海滩涂地水稻进行测土推荐磷、钾肥的施用量是基本合理的。In this study the systematic approach for soil nutrient status evaluation （ASI） was used to test soil and recommend fertilizer rates for rice, and then plot experiments were carried out to validate the effect of the optimal phosphorus and potassium application rates on rice yield component. The results showed that at the optimal fertilization rates of other nutrients, the number of effective tiller, heavy kernel, thousand grain weight and yield of rice were the best at the optimal fertilization rates of phosphorus and potassium （P205 90 kg/hm^2, K20 105 kg/hm^2） recommended by ASI, and applying phosphorus fertilizer could significantly increase the number of effective tiller （p 〈 0.01 ）, and applying potassium fertilizer could significantly increase the number of heavy kernel and thousand grain weigh, and at last achieve the high yield object. So that using ASI soil testing and fertilizer recommend method for rice in the marine foreland is greatly feasible.

关 键 词：滨海滩涂地 水稻 土壤养分状况系统研究法(ASI) 测土推荐施肥 磷 钾 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]