光合细菌和有机肥对土壤主要微生物类群和土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Photosynthetic Bacteria and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Microorganisms and Soil Enzyme Activities

作　　者：张信娣[1] 曹慧[2] 徐冬青[2] 金叶飞[1] 陈银科[1] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生命科学学院,浙江绍兴312000 [2]南京农业大学生命科学学院微生物学系,南京210095

出　　处：《土壤》2008年第3期443-447,共5页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40371069);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2006501);2005绍兴市农业科技成果转化项目(2005011001);绍兴市重点学科建设项目(321001-06);环保公益性行业科研专项(200709047)资助。

摘　　要：研究了光合细菌菌液和发酵有机肥施入农田土壤后表层土壤微生物类群和土壤酶变化情况。结果表明,光合细菌和有机肥显著促进土壤中放线菌、异养细菌、固氮菌、氨化细菌和硝化细菌的生长,而抑制反硝化细菌数量。施用光合细菌和有机肥可以改善土壤微生物区系,光合细菌作用比有机肥更稳定和持久。光合细菌还能明显降低土壤真菌数量,提高放线菌/真菌比值。光合细菌和有机肥对过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、蛋白酶等5种土壤酶活性均有明显促进作用,有机肥作用大于光合细菌。The microbial flora and soil enzyme activities were detected after photosynthetic bacteria （PSB） and the fermented organic fertilizer were applied in.to the soils. The results showed that PSB and organic fertilizer could promote the growth of actinomyces, heterotroph bacteria, azotobbacter, ammonifying bacteria and nitrobacteria significantly, and restrain the growth of denitrifying bacteria in the soils. The effect of PSB was more stable and perdurable than that of organic fertilizer. PSB could restrain the growth of fungi in the soils, and enhance the ratio of actinomyces and fungi. The activities of five soil enzymes all increased under PSB or organic fertilizer applications, and the effect of organic fertilizer was more apparent than that of PSB.

关 键 词：光合细菌 有机肥 微生物 土壤酶 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学] S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]