β-内酰胺类抗生素使用情况与细菌耐药性分析  

Utilization of β-lactam Antibiotics and Bacterial Drug Resistance

作　　者：刘春霞[1] 李国成[1] 李红玉[1] 辛莉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第二医院,广州市5102102 [2]广东药学院,广州市510120

出　　处：《中国医院用药评价与分析》2008年第6期432-434,共3页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China

摘　　要：目的：对我院住院患者的β-内酰胺类抗生素使用情况、病例病原学检查及药敏试验进行调查分析，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法：对2006年1月～2007年6月β-内酰胺类抗生素的总消耗金额、用药频度（DDDs）、日治疗费用和病原菌耐药性进行统计、分析。结果：调查期内β-内酰胺类抗生素的总用药频度增长26．07％；药物的DDDs排序前4位大多数为限制使嚏的二线抗菌药物；大多数抗生素在调查期内细菌耐药率的差别不显著。对革兰阳性球菌耐药率最低者为阿莫西林/克拉维酸，其次为头孢克洛、亚胺培南；对革兰阴性杆菌耐药率最低者为关罗培南，其次为亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦及头孢吡肟。结论：β-内酰胺类抗生素的使用情况有较明显的改善，部分细菌耐药性有所改善，但仍有部分药物用量呈上升状态，表明仍存在不合理使用现象。OBJECTIVE： To probe into the utilization of β - lactam Antibiotics in the inpatients in our hospital, the etiological test and drug susceptibility test so as to provide basis for the rational use of antibiotics. METHODS： The total consumption sum, DDDs, DDC and bacterial drug resistance of β - lactam antibiotics from Jan. 2006 to June 2007 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： The DDD of β - lactam antibiotics witnessed an increase of 26.07 % from Jan. 2006 to June 2007. Most of the top 4 drugs on the list of DDDs were second line antibiotics which had a limited use. The differences for most of the β - lactam antibiotics in bacterial drug resistance were non - significant. Amoxil/ clavulanic acid showed the least resistance to G ＋ cocci, followed by cefaclor and imipenem. Meropenem showed the least resistance to G - bacillus, followed by imipenem, piperacillin/ tazobactam and cefepime. CONCLUSION： The utilization of β - lactam Antibiotics has an marked improvement, and the bacterial drug resistance of some bacteria improved as well. However, the uptrend consumption of some drugs is suggestive of the existence of non - irrational drug use.

关 键 词：Β-内酰胺类抗生素 DDDS 病原菌耐药率 

分 类 号：R978.11[医药卫生—药品]