重庆市土地利用景观格局现状及其破碎化分析  

RS-and GIS-Based Analyses of Landscape Pattern and Landscape Fragmentation of Chongqing Municipality

作　　者：彭月[1] 王建力[1] 魏虹[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院 [2]西南大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第6期82-87,共6页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2003033483);重庆市院士基金专项资助项目(2003-7835)

摘　　要：以2002年E-TM遥感影像为基础,利用地理信息系统(GIS)技术,选择了多种景观格局指数,分别从斑块面积、斑块周长、斑块数、分形分维数、景观形状指标、最大斑块占景观面积比、多样性和均匀度指标进行格局分析.结果表明:①研究区内景观类型分布不均,较多斑块呈零碎分布.耕地和林地的面积、周长和斑块数较大,是区内优势景观.丘陵旱地和灌木林对景观影响最大,边界褶皱程度较低.②城乡用地(城镇用地除外)和水域斑块平均面积小,破碎化高.其它林地、大于25°的坡地旱地、河渠和城镇用地破碎化严重.③景观组分Shannon多样性指数比较表明:类型斑块数(2.427 9)、类型周长(2.310 0)、类型面积(2.237 5)均小于等概率下的指标(2.708).④城市景观仍未占据主导地位,局部存在有明显的城市扩张.Based on the E-TM remote sensing data, utilizing a. number of landscape pattern indices, the landscape pattern of Chongqing city was analyzed on GIS. The landscape pattern was assessed through measurement of the area, perimeter and number of patches, fractal, dimension and diversity. The results showed that the area of different landscape elements was uneven, with most landscape types being dispersed among many small areas. The area, perimeter and patch number of patches of crop land and forestland were bigger than the others, and they were the main components of Chongqing city. Knap dryland and coppice had more significant effects on landscape and they had a low drape degree of boundary. The mean area of patches of urban and rural land-use （except town） and water were smaller and showed greater fragmentation in the landscape. Other woodland dryland with a slope of more than 25°, rivers and towns had a higher degree of fragmentation in the same types （forest land, crop land, water, and urban and rural land- use）. The Shannon index of landscape diversity was ranked as follows： element type area, element type perimeter, element type patch number. A strong tendency of city expansion was noticed in the local region, but the city landscape patches were not the dominant elements in the whole landscape.

关 键 词：遥感 地理信息系统 重庆市 景观格局 

分 类 号：Q948.3[生物学—植物学]