中国园林的空间结构及其美学特征  

The Spatial Structures and the Aesthetic Features of Chinese Gardens

作　　者：何平[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学人文学院,南京210096

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2008年第3期41-46,72,共7页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：中国园林内含园景、园境双层空间结构。表层是实体性园景空间,以"隐曲"为特征,呈现"流动"之态和"悠远"之感,营造耐游观的园景。深层是虚实相生的园境空间,以"空灵"为特征,具有虚化、意化、融合的美学功能,展现出情味美、朦胧美、超越美。园景向园境的转化就是物象—气象—意象—意境间的渐次转化。表层园景营构以深层园境生成为旨归,最终要由质趣灵、象外见象,心境融合,生成意境。由此,中国园林营构中的形式规律要与审美心理规律同步一致。Gardens of China bear the double special structures, that is, garden view and landscape. The surface structure is the entity view space with the characteristics of “enlightenment”, “flow” and “distance”, and the deep structure is the landscape space with the interaction between falseness and trueness, which features “visionary inspiration” and takes on aesthetic functions of imaginariness, interest and fusion. The transformation from garden view to landscape is the gradual change from objects to spectaculars to images to artistic conceptions. With developing landscape being its ultimate purpose, the construction of gardens will be in pursuit of the implied meanings of real objects, thus keeping the form rules in accordance with those of aesthetic psychology.

关 键 词：中国园林 园林关学 空间 意境 

分 类 号：TU-80[艺术—艺术设计]