功能导水涂层纤维的可控缓释水机制研究  

Controllable Water-releasing Mechanism of Water-releasedly Coated Fiber

作　　者：张增志[1] 张利梅[1] 马向东[2] 杨春卫[1] 黄华[1] 张玉肖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)生态功能材料研究所,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)机电与信息工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料工程》2008年第7期72-75,共4页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家"863"计划资助项目(2001AA322100);教育部重点资助项目(106086);北京市产学研共建资助项目(ZH114140537)

摘　　要：将吸水性有机高分子PVA与超细蒙脱石颗粒混合成胶体,涂敷于天然植物纤维表面,制备出一种具有可控缓释水功能的导水涂层纤维。利用环境扫描电镜观察涂层纤维表面形貌,采用热重法分析涂层材料吸-脱附水特性,采用快速水分测定仪测量了膜材包装水后失水率和土壤湿度的关系,分析涂层纤维的动态水分运移机制。实验结果表明,蒙脱石颗粒充分分散在PVA胶体网络间隙,纤维水势高的一端PVA溶胀,蒙脱石颗粒发生断桥,水分运移依靠PVA吸-脱附作用;纤维水势低的一端PVA脱水,蒙脱石颗粒桥接形成传水通道。由此实现了由分子传水和层间传水能垒不一致导致的沿纤维纵向水势梯度变化而形成的水分运移的过程机制。A water-releasedly coated fiber was presented. The natural plant fiber was coated with mixed colloid composed of sop organic macromolecule（PVA） and ultra-fine montmorillonite grain. The micro-appearance of the coated fiber was described by the environment scanning electronmicroscope. The desorption of the mixed colloid was detected by thermogravimetry. The water-releasing characteristics with various soil moisture were analyzed by fast watere-quipment. The water-releasing mechanism was proposed. The results showed that the montmorillonite grain were distributed evenly throughout PVA. At the side of high flow of wateron of the fiber, PVA swelled to transfer water. At the other side, PVA shrinked so that the montmorillonite grain join to form the transferring channels due to the low flow of water, by which, the water-releasing mechanism that water were trasferred because of different water potential caused by discordant energy barriers was realized.

关 键 词：导水纤维 涂层 水势梯度 水分运移 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]