加料顺序对水性聚氨酯结构和性能的影响  

Influence of feeding order on structure and properties of hydrophilic polyurethane

作　　者：刘娇[1] 潘肇琦[1] 杲云[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200237

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2008年第1期17-21,共5页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

摘　　要：以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸及乙二胺为主要原料,以二元醇加入异氰酸酯(A法)和异氰酸酯加入二元醇(B法)两种加料顺序制备了水性聚氨酯。用凝胶渗透色谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱等考察了加料顺序对产物相对分子质量和硬段氢键化程度等的影响,通过动态力学分析考察了A和B两种方法产物的微相分离程度和硬段有序性,反映了两种产物的亲水硬段在聚氨酯主链上分布均匀性的差异。借助动态光散射粒度分布仪、材料拉伸测试仪及吸水率测试等考察了A和B两种方法产物的乳液性能及涂膜的扯断伸长率和吸水率。结果表明,A法产物的硬段在主链上分布比较均匀,得到的乳液较稳定,涂膜的扯断伸长率较高,吸水率较低。Hydrophilic polyurethanes were prepared from polyoxytetramethylene glycol, isophorone diisocyanate, dimethylol propionic acid and ethylene diamine under different feeding orders（ A： diol was added into isocyanate while B： isocyanate was added into diol）. The relative molecular mass and the degree of hydrogen-bonding of hard segments were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The microphase separation and the degree of orders of hard segments were investigated by dynamic mechanic analysis in detail, thus, the difference of distribution uniformity of the hydrophilic hard seg-ments in polyurethane backbone of the different products was reflected. The properties of the emulsions, the elongation at break and the water absorption of the coating films were determined by dynamic light scattering-autosizer, test. The results showed tensile tester and by soak that the hydrophilic hard segments of the product were more uniformly distributed along the polymer backbone by using the feeding order A, leading to more stable emulsion, larger elongation at breaak and lower water absorption.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 加料顺序 氢键化 扯断伸长率 吸水率 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]