短期和长期盐胁迫对暖季型草坪草新选系生长的影响  

Effects of short-term and long-term salt stresses on growth of new selections of warm season turfgrasses

作　　者：陈静波[1] 张婷婷[1] 阎君[1] 郭海林[1] 刘建秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《草业科学》2008年第7期109-113,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：江苏省高技术研究项目(BG2006320)

摘　　要：通过盐水灌溉的方法,比较了短期(6周)和长期(9个月)盐胁迫对沟叶结缕草Zoysia matrellaZ123、结缕草Z.japonicaZ080、狗牙根Cynodon dactylonC291和海雀稗Paspalum vaginatumP006 4个新选系生长影响的差异,以期为草坪草抗盐新品种选育和探讨短期与长期盐胁迫的试验结果之间的关系提供试验依据。结果表明:短期盐胁迫下以绿叶盖度和枝叶修剪干质量为指标,能够较好地评价草坪草的相对抗盐性,并且,待试材料短期的和长期的相对抗盐性评价结果是一致的。但具体到某一草种而言,在短期和长期盐胁迫后的实际生长表现上并不完全一致。短期盐胁迫下所有草坪草在50 g/L的盐度下均未死亡,而长期盐胁迫后Z080、C291、P006和Z123分别在20、40、50和50 g/L的盐度下死亡,长期盐胁迫下枝叶修剪干质量下降到50%时的盐度均小于短期盐胁迫的结果。根据长期盐胁迫下的绿叶盖度,4种草坪草的抗盐能力依次为:Z123>P006>C291>Z080。To provide useful targets for breeding cultivars of turfgrasses to tolerant salt and determine the relationship between results of short-term salt stress and those of long-term salt stress,the growth differences of four new selections of warm season turfgrasses,including Zoysia rnatrella （Z123）, Z. japonica （Z080）,Cynodon dactylon （C291）, Paspalum vaginaturn （P006）, were analyzed under the short-term （six weeks） and long-term （nine months） salt-stressed conditions by irrigating with salt water in this study. The results of this study showed that indexes of green leaf coverage and dry weight of clipping shoots under short-term salt stress could be well used to assess relative salt tolerance of various turfgrasses. For each turfgrass, the actual growth under the short-term salt stress was quite different from that under the long-term salt stress. Four cultivars of turfgrasses were still alive at the 50 g/L salinity under the short-term salt stress,however,ZOSO,C291,P006 and Z123 were dead at the salinity of 20,40,50 and 50 g/L under the long-term salt stress,respectively. Salinities of relative dry weight of clipping shoots of all turfgrasses being reduced by 50% under the long-term salt stress were lower than these under the short-term salt stress. Based on green leaf coverage,salt tolerance decreased in the following order under the long-term salt stress：Z123〉P006〉C291〉Z080.

关 键 词：暖季型草坪草 盐胁迫 短期 长期 绿叶盖度 枝叶修剪干质量 

分 类 号：S688.403.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]