不同季节水蜜桃品种光合生理指标的比较  

Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics in Different Honey Peach Cultivars in Three Seasons

作　　者：姜武[1] 沈志军[2] 姜卫兵[1] 王虹[1] 崔培强[1] 马瑞娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2008年第3期321-330,共10页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台项目(2005DKA21002-21);江苏省综合性农业科技示范园资助项目[苏农计(2003)50号]

摘　　要：比较了9个水蜜桃品种在春、夏、秋3个季节的气体交换参数与叶绿素荧光参数的变化。结果表明：①水蜜桃在3个季节的净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率（Tr）峰值以及表观量子效率（AQY）和羧化效率（CE）表现为春季最高，夏秋季因品种差异有所不同，多数为秋季略高于夏季；②水蜜桃的光补偿点（LCP）随着季节进程变化呈逐渐降低趋势，春季为54．7～91．9μmol／（m^2·S），秋季为12．4—48．2μmol／（m^2·S），各品种的光饱和点（LSP）季节变化无明显规律，多为900～1400μmol／（m^2·S）；③供试品种的PSⅡ最大光化学效率（Fv／Fm）、潜在活性（Fv／Fo）、有效光化学效率（Fv’／Fm’）、实际光化学效率（ΦPSⅡ）和光化学猝灭系数（gP）等荧光参数在夏季的降幅较小，只有早香玉在夏季、大久保和砂子早生在秋季明显降低，非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）在夏季均增加，特别是白花和初香美的NPQ明显升高，表明水蜜桃在夏季以热耗散的形式释放较多的光能以保护光合机构；③水蜜桃的光合色素含量存在明显的品种间差异，相关性分析表明，净光合速率日峰值与总叶绿素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝b素含量在春秋季均呈正相关，夏季呈显著负相关；与叶绿素a／b值的季节变化呈显著正相关。The parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of nine honey peach cultivars were determined in spring, summer and autumn. Net photosynthetic rate （Pn） , stomatal conductance （Gs） , Transpiration rate （ Tr ） , apparent quantum yield （AQY） and Carboxylation efficiency （CE） of peach were highest in spring, followed by autumn and summer in turn. The light compensation point （LCP） of peach gradually decreased from spring [54.7 -91.9 μmol/（m2·s） ] to autumn [12.4 -48.2 μmol/（m^2 · s） ]. The LSP ranged from 900 to 1 400 μmol/（m^2·s）, which had no apparent rule among three seasons. The Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, Fv＇/Fm ＇, ΦPSⅡ and qP of most peach euhivars showed no obviously decline in three seasons except for Zaoxiangyu eultivars in summer, Okubo and Sunagowase euhivars in autumn. Non-photochemical fluorescence quenching （NPQ） of most eultivars increased in summer, especially for Baihua and Hakkobi, showing that NPQ protects the photosynthetic apparatus by non-photochemical pathway. Correlations between photosynthetic pigment contents and P, in three seasons indicated that there was a positive relation in spring and autumn,and a significantly negative relation in summer. Besides, chl. a/b was significantly positively related to Pn in three seasons.

关 键 词：水蜜桃 品种 季节 光合特性 

分 类 号：S662.101[农业科学—果树学]