分布式小流域侵蚀模型及应用  

A Distributed Soil Erosion Model on the Small Watershed

作　　者：叶爱中[1] 夏军[2] 乔云峰[2] 王纲胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2008年第3期328-340,共13页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50239050);高等学校博士点基金项目(20040486038)

摘　　要：针对黄土高原水土流失严重问题,基于分布式水文模型的基础上,建立了小流域侵蚀产沙输沙模型.产沙模型采用USLE模型,并结合黄土高原侵蚀的特色进行改进,考虑了降雨、土壤、植被、水保等因素对侵蚀的影响.输沙模型结合分布式水文模型的河网汇流,制定了一套简单的输沙方案.岔巴沟流域的实测资料验证该模型简单可行.能够模拟出流域的实际侵蚀图,为流域侵蚀的预报及水保工程的规划提供科学依据.In view of the loess plateau serious soil erosion problem, a distributed soil erosion model on the small watershed was developed base on distributed hydrology model. Erosion caused by rainfall and runoff was computed with the Universal Soil Loss Equation （USLE）, and we modified USLE with loess plateau data. The Equation thinks about the rainfall, the soil, the vegetation, the support practice factor and so on. Sediment transport in the channel network was a function of two processes, deposition and degradation, operating simultaneously in the reach. A simple sediment channel routing method was developed with distributed hydrology model. A case of Chabagou catchments indicated that this model was simple and practical.

关 键 词：侵蚀 输沙 流域 岔巴沟 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] P334.92[农业科学—农业基础科学]