抚仙湖水体NP变化及其非点源污染特征  

Non-point Source Pollution Characteristics in Fuxianhu Lake Watershed and Variation Law of N and P in Lake Water

作　　者：夏天翔[1] 潘继征[2] 刘雪华[1] 赵孟彬[3] 祁云宽 熊飞[5] 徐力刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]中关村海淀园北京锦绣大地农业股份有限公司博士后工作站,北京100049 [4]玉溪市环境监测站,云南玉溪653100 [5]江汉大学,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第4期1340-1345,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家863子课题(河口水质净化技术研究与工程示范)(2005AA60101004);国家自然科学基金(40701176);江苏自然科学基金(BK2006579);河海大学水文与水资源与水利科学工程国家重点实验室开放基金(2006412511)

摘　　要：通过调查抚仙湖1981—2005年水体N、P变化,以及监测该流域33条主要入湖河道水体N、P的输入情况,从而揭示抚仙湖水体N、P变化规律及该流域非点源污染主要特征。结果表明,近20多年来,抚仙湖水体N素水平增长迅速而P素水平稳定,2001—2005年表层水体TN∶TP平均值达到33.06,P素成为抚仙湖水体藻类生长的主要限制因子之一。2005年,抚仙湖33条主要入湖河道TN和TP输入量分别为528.3t和70.7t,抚仙湖北部澄江县已成为非点源污染源最为严重区域,化肥的过量施用和畜禽养殖规模的过快发展已成为该流域非点源污染的主要原因。Protecting water resources from non-point source pollution is an important public-health concern and a major national environmental issue. Based on the water body investigation and monitoring results from 33 influx rivers of total nitrogen and total phosphate, the nonpoint source pollution characteristics in the watershed and the variation law of total nitrogen and total phosphate were identified in Fuxianhu Lake from 1981 to 2005. The results demonstrated that the total nitrogen in water body increased quickly, however, the total phosphate in water body was stable from 1981 to 2005. The average ratio of total nitrogen to total phosphate was as high as 33.06 from 2001 to 2005. Phosphate has become one of the mainly limited factors for alga growth. It can be seen that the influx mass for total nitrogen and total phosphate are 528.3 t and 70.7 t separately. The north of Fuxianhu watershed, Chengjiang County, is the most severe polluted area because of the overuse of fertilizes and extensively bloom of livestock and poultry raising. The findings of this paper help to explore the distribution and mig-ration of nitrogen in agricultural lands, as well as to explore the characteristics of non-point source pollution resulting from agricultural activities. The work presented in this paper is also believed to be useful in formulating management strategies for extensive cropping watershed to reduce diffusive pollution from agricultural activities.

关 键 词：抚仙湖 氮磷比 河道输入 非点源污染 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]