蜂毒溶血肽对鸡红细胞及膜的生化作用  

Biochemical effects of melittin on chicken red blood cell and membrane

作　　者：赵亚华[1] 张微[1] 李日清[1] 钟杨生[2] 郑慧平[1] 林健荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学生命科学学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广州510642

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2008年第6期586-594,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30770317)

摘　　要：本文采用荧光分光光度、薄层层析、原子吸收、荧光显微图像等多种生化技术,系统研究了蜂毒肽作用于鸡红细胞及膜的生化机理。结果表明:蜂毒肽影响红细胞膜上及胞内两种酶的功能。它抑制膜Na+-K+-ATPase活性,导致胞内外离子转运异常,K+浓度失衡;它也抑制细胞内葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性,其正电区域干扰胞内带负电小分子的作用,影响红细胞正常代谢。蜂毒肽干扰膜中阴离子通道的转运功能,使细胞渗透压改变,引起膨胀而溶血。蜂毒肽对有核红细胞核内DNA没有作用,与其他抗微生物多肽作用的靶向不同。据此认为,抗菌蛋白类抗生素对细菌作用的生化机理与传统抗生素不同,这是细菌对其不易产生耐药性的重要原因。The biochemical mechanism of the effects of melittin on red blood cells （RBC） and the cell membrane was studied. The results indicated that melittin influenced the function of two enzymes which are located respectively on the RBC membrane and in cytoplasm. It inhibited the activity of Na^＋ -K^＋ -ATPase, leading to the abnormity of transportation of the ions inside and outside the cell and the unbalance of K^＋ concentration; and it also inhibited the activitity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase （G-6-PD） by using its electropositive domain to interfere with the eletronagative small molecules in the cell, and thus influenced the normal metabolism of RBC. Melittin interfered with the function of the anion channel on the membrane; therefore, the osmotic pressure of the cell changed, causing the swelling and hemolysis of RBC. Melittin did not have any effect on the DNA in the nucleus of an RBC whose nucleus exists, displaying a different targeting mechanism with other antimicrobial peptides. It is so concluded that the biochemical mechanism of the antibacterial action of antibiotics of antibacterial protein type is different from that of traditional antibiotics, which may be the main reason why the former one seldom causes the drug resistance in bacteria.

关 键 词：蜂毒溶血肽 生化机理 NA^+-K^+-ATPASE 葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶 阴离子通道 

分 类 号：Q786[生物学—分子生物学]