运动训练中腓肠肌腱柔韧性与下肢损伤  

Relationship between gastrocnemius flexibility and lower extremity overuse injuries in physical fitness training

作　　者：刘民生[1] 黄辉[1] 柯杰兵[1] 耿林[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军军事体育进修学院,广东省广州市510500 [2]解放军西安通信学院,陕西省西安市710106

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2008年第28期5541-5544,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:研究表明,运动训练中最常见的损伤是下肢疲劳性损伤,腓肠肌腱紧张是下肢疲劳性损伤反复发生的重要因素。目的:采用随机对照的方法分析腓肠肌腱柔韧性与运动训练中下肢疲劳性损伤的关系。设计、时间及地点:随机对照观察,于2006-11/2007-03在解放军军事体育进修学院完成。对象:选择参加解放军军事体育进修学院基础体能训练的新兵122名,均为男性。按随机数字表法分为2组,加强训练组及对照组各61名。方法:对照组进行日常的伸展运动,包括腓肠肌腱的伸展练习;加强训练组每天于午餐前、晚餐前和晚睡觉前,另加3组腓肠肌腱的伸展练习,30s/次。在持续12周的新兵训练开始及结束后分别进行了腓肠肌腱柔韧性的检查,所有下肢疲劳性损伤情况都进行了即时记录。主要观察指标:两组观察对象的腓肠肌柔韧性及下肢疲劳性损伤发生率。结果:①加强训练组的腓肠肌腱柔韧性大于对照组(P<0.01)。②对照组中有19人受伤,占总人数的30.6%;加强训练组中仅9人受伤,占总人数的15.0%,加强训练组中下肢疲劳性损伤的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:增强腓肠肌腱柔韧性可以减少下肢疲劳性损伤的发生。BACKGROUND： The most common injuries in physical fitness training are lower extremity overuse injuries, and gastrocnemius tension is an important factor for the repeated occurrence of lower extremity overuse injuries. OBJECTIVE： To analyze the relationship between gastrocnemius flexibility and lower extremity overuse injuries in physical fitness training. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized controlled observation was conducted between November 2006 and March 2007 at PLA Institute of Physical Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. PARTICIPANTS： 122 male recruits participated the basic physical fitness training of PLA Institute of Physical Education, they were divided randomly using random digits table into accentuation training group and control group, 61 recruits in each group. METHODS： Recruits in control group did routine extension movement, including extension exercises of gastrocnemius tendons; recruits in accentuation training group in addition added extension exercises of gastrocnemius tendons before lunch, supper and sleep, respectively, 30 seconds/time. Gastrocnemius flexibility was checked at the biginning and at the end of the 12-week training course, and all conditions of lower extremity overuse injuries were recorded immediately. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Gastrocnemius flexibility and incidence of lower extremity overuse injuries in the 2 groups. RESULTS： Gastrocnemius flexibility increased significantly in accentuation training group compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01）. The number of injuries was also significantly lower in accentuation training group （P 〈 0.05）. Nineteen injuries occurred in the control group for an incidence rate of 30.6%, compared with 9 injuries in accentuation training group for an incidence rate of 15.0%. CONCLUSION： Increasing gastrocnemius flexibility can reduce the incidence of lower extremity overuse injuries.

关 键 词：腓肠肌腱 柔韧性 体育和训练 运动损伤 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]