低氧训练对葡萄糖转运与利用能力的影响  

Effect of Hypoxic Training on Glucose Transport and Utilization Ability in Rats

作　　者：赵鹏[1] 路瑛丽[1] 冯连世[1] 徐建方[1] 朱珂 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]河南省体育科学研究所,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《体育科学》2008年第7期51-60,71,共11页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30570892)

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同低氧训练模式对机体中葡萄糖转运与利用能力产生影响的机制。方法:选用6周龄雄性SD骨骼肌能源物质代谢,探讨大鼠120只,经3周适应性训练和力竭实验筛选出90只,随机分为9组:常氧安静对照组、持续低氧安静组、间歇低氧安静组、低住低练耐力组、高住高练耐力组、高住低练耐力组、低住高练耐力组、高住高练后复氧训练组和高住低练后复氧训练组。采用常压低氧舱以13.6%的氧浓度(相当于海拔3 500 m的氧浓度)进行低氧训练,根据血乳酸一速度曲线确定大鼠常氧训练的强度为35 m/min,低氧训练的强度为30 m/min。低氧训练持续时间为6周,每周训练5天。其中,在第4周末进行运动能力测试,第5周末进行力竭测试,在第6周末的最后一次运动后休息48h后处死、取材。采用实时荧光定量PCR、免疫组化、Western blot等技术测试大鼠骨骼肌GLUTI、GLUT4等基因mRNA水平和蛋白水平的变化,以进一步探讨低氧训练对骨骼肌葡萄糖转运与利用能力的适应机制。结果:高住高练组骨骼肌GLUT1(1.71倍)和GLUT4(1.54倍)mRNA水平表达与低住低练组(GLUT1:0.54倍;GLUT4:0.61倍)都明显增强(P<0.01),高住低练组GLUT1(1.33倍)mRNA表达与低住低练组显著增强(P<0.05),而高住低练组GLUT4 (0.92倍)和低住高练组(GLUT1:0.92倍;GLUT4:0.52倍)变化不明显。高住高练后复氧训练GLUT1(0.54倍)和GLUT4(0.65倍)mRNA表达水平非常显著性降低(P<0.01),高住低练后复氧训练GLUT1(0.66倍)mRNA表达水平非常显著性降低(P<0.05)。结论:高住高练比高住低练和低住高练更有利于提高葡萄糖转运能力。The purpose of this study is to probe into the mechanisms of the effect in different hypoxia training methods around glucose metabolize and utilization ability, in order to provide theoretical and applying basis for the application of hypoxia training to sports training. Method：90 rats are selected froml20 male SD rats （6 week old） by adaptability training and exhaustive test, and randomly divided into 9 groups： normoxia quiet control group, continuing hypoxia group, intermittent hypoxia group, normoxia training group, living-high and training-high group （ HiHi）, living-high and training-low group （ HiLo）, living-low and training-high group （ LoHi）, normoxia training group after HiHi, normoxia training group after HiLo. During the 6 weeks experimental period, we employed the 13.6 % concentration of oxygen （equal to altitude of 3500m） in the hypoxic chamber. The rats of hypoxia training were introduced to treadmill. The speed of running was set by blood lactate-speed curve. The speed of training was 30m/ min in hypoxia, 35m/m in in normoxia. The rats were trained 5 d/week and were sacrificed after 6 weeks. Technology of RQ-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot are adopted in order to test mRNA and protein level changes of GLUTI, GLUT4 in rat＇s skeletal muscle to probe further into the mechanisms of the acclimatization in skeletal muscle. Result：The mRNA level of GLUTI（1. 71 times）, GLUT4 （i. 54times） in rat skeletal muscle increased significantly （P〈0.01） in HiHi group comparing with normoxia training （GLUT 1： 0. 54 times; GLUT4 ： 0.61times）. The mRNA level of GLUT1 increased significantly in HiLo group （ 1. 33times） comparing with normoxia training. But the mRNA level of GLUT4 is no significantly change of in HiLo and LoHi group. The mRNA level of GLUT1 （0.54 times） GLUT4 （0.65 times） is declined significantly in normoxia training after HiHi and HiLo （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： HiHi is more beneficial to the ability improvement of glucose trans

关 键 词：低氧训练 葡萄糖转运 骨骼肌 影响 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]