我国优秀射箭运动员冬训期间脑机能变化的研究  

Research on Cerebral Function Variation of Excellent Chinese Archers in Winter Training

作　　者：何洋[1] 王霆[1] 石岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学体育学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2008年第4期100-104,110,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家体育总局奥运科研攻关项目(05081)

摘　　要：研究目的:对冬训期间不同阶段脑电图进行对比研究,了解冬训期间不同阶段射箭运动员大脑机能变化的特点,为科学训练提供客观依据。研究结果:专项负荷训练课后,射箭运动员顶枕区双侧α频段脑电功率值有下降趋势,而中央回双侧β频段脑电功率值有上升趋势,且具有显著性差异,表明专项训练课对运动员中枢机能有较显著的影响;冬训期间大负荷量低强度专项训练阶段,射箭运动员的中枢神经系统会由兴奋转向抑制;在冬训期间小负荷量高强度专项训练阶段,由于训练的负荷强度增加以及运动员注意力高度集中,中枢神经系统的兴奋性会随之增高;优秀射箭运动员中枢机能的各项脑电指标波动范围较大,存在个体差异。在建立优秀射箭运动员冬训期间主要脑电指标评价参考标准的基础上进一步建立重点运动员个性化参照标准,以便更好地用于训练监控。The aim of this study was to provide objective basis for scientific training based on the knowledge of the cerebral function characteristics of archers in different phases of winter training acquired through the tracing comparative study by means of EEG. It is revealed that in a load training course, the archers tend to have a decline in the α frequency cerebral electronic power on either side of the occipital region, and a increase of the β frequency cerebral electronic power on either side of the central gyms, and the remarkable change indicates the effects of the specific training courses on the athletes＇ central nerve function l in a low-load winter training phase, there is a shift from excitement to inhibition in the archer＇s central nerve system; in a high-load winter training phase, there is a rise of excitement in the central nerve system consistent with the increased training load and highly concentrated attention of the archer. There is a wide fluctuation range and marked individual difference of varying parameter in each cerebral electronic index for excellent. So for elite archers, based on establishment of EEG evaluation criterion of archery elites for winter training, furthermore, key athletes personalized reference standard were established for their training monitoring.

关 键 词：脑电图 脑机能 射箭 优秀运动员 冬训 中国 

分 类 号：G871[文化科学—体育训练]