花后渍水逆境对冬小麦产量及氮磷钾营养状况的影响  

Effects of Post-anthesis Waterlogging Stress on Economic Yield and Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium Nutrition State in Winter Wheat

作　　者：谢家琦[1] 李金才[1] 魏凤珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽230036

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2008年第7期425-429,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(070411013);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B10);国家粮食丰产科技工程(2006BAD02A)资助

摘　　要：采用盆栽模拟渍水逆境试验方法,研究了花后渍水逆境对不同耐渍性小麦品种产量及N、P、K营养状况的影响。结果表明,花后渍水逆境显著降低不同小麦品种粒重和籽粒产量,影响N、P、K吸收、运转和分配,降低根系、茎鞘、功能叶片、籽粒N、P、K积累量,而对N、P、K素在地上部各器官中的分配比例的影响各异,渍水逆境导致根系、功能叶片N、P积累量占单株总积累量的比例下降,茎鞘和籽粒所占比例上升;而对K在地上部各器官中的分配比例影响较小。因此,基肥中施足P、K肥和拔节孕穗期及时追施速效N肥,对于减轻花后小麦渍害,提高受渍小麦粒重和产量具有非常重要的实际意义。Experiments were carried out on the experiment farm of Anhui Agricultural university with pot culture from 2005 to 2007. Effects of waterlogging at filling stage on N,P,K nutrition metabolism and yield were studied applying simulation waterlogging method. The results showed that waterlogging at filling stage significantly influenced N and P and K nutrition absorption and transportation and distribution of different cultivars ,decreased N and P and K nutrition assimilation content of root system and stem and sheath and green leaf and grain, reduced N and P nutrition distribution ratio of root system and function leaf and increased N and P nutrition distribution ratio of stem and sheath and grain, and less influenced K nutrition distribution ratio of different organs. So applying rich P and K fertilizer at basal fertilizer and rapidly available N fertilizer form jointing stage to booting stage and it is very important that to reduce waterlogging injury and to increase grains yield of waterlogging wheat.

关 键 词：冬小麦 渍水逆境 N P K营养状况 产量 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]