甜瓜数量性状遗传距离与杂种优势研究  

Relationship between genetic distance based on quantative traits and heterosis in melon

作　　者：冯建[1] 刘童光[1] 戴祖云[2] 赵辉[2] 陈运动[1] 邓缓[1] 朱卯芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学园艺学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽省合肥江淮园艺研究所,合肥230088

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2008年第3期13-18,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

摘　　要：将12个甜瓜高世代自交系分成两组,按NC-Ⅱ设计配制36个杂交组合。对12个自交系和36个组合的15个数量性状进行了主成分分析,7个最大的特征根累计百分率为86.27%,在影响甜瓜的数量性状中,首先考虑中心可溶性固形物含量及果肉厚度、可溶性糖、干物质重,其次是果皮硬度、蛋白质、果实发育期,最后是有机酸。利用亲本15个数量性状计算遗传距离。以遗传距离为自变量,杂种优势为依变量,进行回归分析。结果表明:单果重和游离氨基酸杂种优势与遗传距离之间均为显著直线关系,回归方程分别是Y=118.8425-39.5625X和Y=-15.1048+9.7646X;而果肉厚度杂种优势与遗传距离之间不存在直线关系,却较好地符合Density模型,且达显著水平,回归方程为Y=(1.0000+0.1000X)^(-1/1.0000)。Twelve inbred melon lines were divided into two groups and 36 hybrids were made by NC- Ⅱ. Principle components analysis of 15 quantitative characters were conducted using the 12 inbred lines and 36 hybrids. The seven biggest eigenvalues were chosen and their percentage of accumulative variance was 86.27%. Among the traits tested ,central soluble sugars, flesh thickness, soluble solids content, dry matter should be selected first. Then skin toughness, protein and fruit development stage should be chosen second,and finally organic acid. Genetic distance was calculated by using 15 parent＇s quantitative characters. Using genetic distance as independent variable and heterosis as depend variable, we carried out regressing analyses. The results showed that there were significant linear relationship between the heterosis of fruit weight and free amino acid and genetic distance, and regression equation were Y = 118.8425 -39.5625X and Y =- 15.1048 ＋9.7646X, respectively. The linear relationship between flesh thickness heterosis and genetic distance was not found in this study, but well fitted Density model was detected with regression Y= （ 1.0000＋0.1000X）^（- 1/1.000）.

关 键 词：甜瓜 数量性状 主成分 遗传距离 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]