光质对植物光合作用的调控及其机理  

Regulation of photosynthesis by light quality and its mechanism in plants

作　　者：郑洁[1] 胡美君[1] 郭延平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学园艺系,杭州310029

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第7期1619-1624,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30771497)

摘　　要：光合作用是植物生长发育的基础.光质对植物光合作用的调控主要包括可见光对植物气孔器运动、叶片生长、叶绿体结构、光合色素、D1蛋白及其编码基因和光合碳同化等的调节,以及紫外光对植物光系统Ⅱ的影响.蓝光和红光能促进气孔的开张,而绿光能够逆转这种作用.蓝光有利于叶绿体的发育,红、蓝、绿复合光有利于叶面积的扩展,而红光更有利于光合产物的积累;不同光质对不同植物、不同组织器官叶绿素积累的影响不同.蓝光和远红光可以促进psbA基因转录物质的积累.大多数高等植物和绿藻在橙、红光下光合速率最高,蓝紫光其次,绿光最低.紫外光可以导致光系统Ⅱ的电子传递活性下降.此外,针对光质与光合作用研究领域中存在的问题,对今后的研究方向进行了讨论.Photosynthesis is the basis of plant growth and development.The regulations of photosynthesis by light quality include regulations of stomatal movement,leaf growth,chloroplast structure,photosynthetic pigment,D1 protein and its gene and photosynthetic carbon assimilation by visible light,and effect of ultraviolet light on photosystem Ⅱ in plant.Blue light and red light can promote the opening of stomata,while the green light can close stomata.Blue light can improve the development of chloroplast,complex light of red,blue and green lights can expand leaf area,and red light can increase the accumulation of photosynthesis production.Effects of different light quality differ in various plants,organs and tissues.Blue light and far red light can promote the accumulation of psbA gene transcription.Most higher plants and green algae have highest photosynthesis rate in orange and red lights,secondly in blue-violet light,and minimum in green light.Ultraviolet light can decline the electron transfer activity of photosystem Ⅱ.Moreover,questions regarding the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and some topics for future study were also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：光质 光合作用 光系统 光合机构 生态因子 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]